| People | Afghanistan |
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Economy - overview:
|
Afghanistan's economy is recovering from decades of conflict. The economy has improved significantly since the fall of the Taliban regime in 2001 largely because of the infusion of international assistance, the recovery of the agricultural sector, and service sector growth. Real GDP growth exceeded 7% in 2007. Despite the progress of the past few years, Afghanistan is extremely poor, landlocked, and highly dependent on foreign aid, agriculture, and trade with neighboring countries. Much of the population continues to suffer from shortages of housing, clean water, electricity, medical care, and jobs. Criminality, insecurity, and the Afghan Government's inability to extend rule of law to all parts of the country pose challenges to future economic growth. It will probably take the remainder of the decade and continuing donor aid and attention to significantly raise Afghanistan's living standards from its current level, among the lowest in the world. International pledges made by more than 60 countries and international financial institutions at the Berlin Donors Conference for Afghan reconstruction in March 2004 reached $8.9 billion for 2004-09. While the international community remains committed to Afghanistan's development, pledging over $24 billion at three donors' conferences since 2002, Kabul will need to overcome a number of challenges. Expanding poppy cultivation and a growing opium trade generate roughly $4 billion in illicit economic activity and looms as one of Kabul's most serious policy concerns. Other long-term challenges include: budget sustainability, job creation, corruption, government capacity, and rebuilding war torn infrastructure. |
GDP (purchasing power parity):
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$35 billion (2007 est.) |
GDP (official exchange rate):
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$9.933 billion (2007 est.) |
GDP - real growth rate:
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7.5% (2007 est.) |
GDP - per capita (PPP):
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$1,000 (2007 est.) |
GDP - composition by sector:
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agriculture: 38%
industry: 24%
services: 38%
note: data exclude opium production (2005 est.) |
Investment (gross fixed):
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void |
Population below poverty line:
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53% (2003) |
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
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lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
Distribution of family income - Gini index:
|
void |
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
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16.3% (2005 est.) |
Labor force:
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15 million (2004 est.) |
Labor force participation rate:
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45.82 % of population |
Labor force - by occupation:
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agriculture: 80%
industry: 10%
services: 10% (2004 est.) |
Unemployment rate:
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40% (2005 est.) |
Budget:
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revenues: $715 million
expenditures: $2.6 billion
note: Afghanistan has also received $273 million from the Reconstruction Trust Fund and $63 million from the Law and Order Trust Fund (2007 est.) |
Budget revenues per capita:
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22 USD per capita |
Public debt:
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void |
Industries:
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small-scale production of textiles, soap, furniture, shoes, fertilizer, cement; handwoven carpets; natural gas, coal, copper |
Industrial production growth rate:
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NA% |
Electricity - production:
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754.2 million kWh (2005) |
Electricity - production per capita:
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24 kWh per capita |
Electricity - consumption:
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801.4 million kWh (2005) |
Electricity - consumption - per capita:
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25 kWh per capita |
Electricity - exports:
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0 kWh (2005) |
Electricity - imports:
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100 million kWh (2005) |
Oil - production:
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0 bbl/day (2005) |
Oil - production per capita:
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void |
Oil - consumption:
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5,000 bbl/day (2005 est.) |
Oil - consumption - per capita:
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0.06 bbl/year per capita |
Oil - exports:
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0 bbl/day (2004) |
Oil - imports:
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4,120 bbl/day (2004) |
Oil - proved reserves:
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0 bbl (1 January 2006 est.) |
Natural gas - production:
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19.18 million cu m (2005 est.) |
Natural gas - production per capita:
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1 cu m per capita |
Natural gas - consumption:
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19.18 million cu m (2005 est.) |
Natural gas - consumption - per capita:
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1 cu m per capita |
Natural gas - exports:
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0 cu m (2005 est.) |
Natural gas - imports:
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0 cu m (2005) |
Natural gas - proved reserves:
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47.53 billion cu m (1 January 2006 est.) |
Agriculture - products:
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opium, wheat, fruits, nuts; wool, mutton, sheepskins, lambskins |
Current account balance:
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void |
Current account balance - per capita:
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void |
Exports:
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$274 million; note - not including illicit exports or reexports (2006) |
Exports per capita:
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9 USD per capita |
Exports - commodities:
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opium, fruits and nuts, handwoven carpets, wool, cotton, hides and pelts, precious and semi-precious gems |
Exports - partners:
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India 22.8%, Pakistan 21.8%, US 15.2%, UK 6.5%, Finland 4.4% (2006) |
Imports:
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$3.823 billion (2006) |
Imports per capita:
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117 USD per capita |
Imports - commodities:
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capital goods, food, textiles, petroleum products |
Imports - partners:
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Pakistan 37.9%, US 12%, Germany 7.2%, India 5.1% (2006) |
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
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void |
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold - per capita:
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void |
Debt - external:
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$8 billion in bilateral debt, mostly to Russia; Afghanistan has $500 million in debt to Multilateral Development Banks (2004) |
Debt - external - per capita:
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260 USD per capita |
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:
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void |
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:
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void |
Market value of publicly traded shares:
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$NA |
Economic aid - donor:
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void |
Economic aid - recipient:
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$2.775 billion (2005) |
Economic aid - recipient per capita:
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85 USD per capita |
Currency (code):
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afghani (AFA) |
Exchange rates:
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afghanis per US dollar - NA (2007), 46 (2006), 47.7 (2005), 48 (2004), 49 (2003) |
Fiscal year:
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21 March - 20 March |
|
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