| Geography | Bangladesh |
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Location:
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Southern Asia, bordering the Bay of Bengal, between Burma and India |
Geographic coordinates:
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24 00 N, 90 00 E |
Map references:
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Asia |
Area:
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total: 144,000 sq km
land: 133,910 sq km
water: 10,090 sq km |
Area - comparative:
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slightly smaller than Iowa |
Land boundaries:
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total: 4,246 km
border countries: Burma 193 km, India 4,053 km |
Coastline:
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580 km |
Maritime claims:
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territorial sea: 12 nm
contiguous zone: 18 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
continental shelf: up to the outer limits of the continental margin |
Climate:
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tropical; mild winter (October to March); hot, humid summer (March to June); humid, warm rainy monsoon (June to October) |
Terrain:
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mostly flat alluvial plain; hilly in southeast |
Elevation extremes:
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lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: Keokradong 1,230 m |
Natural resources:
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natural gas, arable land, timber, coal |
Land use:
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arable land: 55.39%
permanent crops: 3.08%
other: 41.53% (2005) |
Irrigated land:
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47,250 sq km (2003) |
Total renewable water resources:
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1,210.6 cu km (1999) |
Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):
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Total: 79.4 cu km/yr (3%/1%/96%)
Per capita: 560 cu m/yr (2000) |
Natural hazards:
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droughts, cyclones; much of the country routinely inundated during the summer monsoon season |
Environment - current issues:
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many people are landless and forced to live on and cultivate flood-prone land; water-borne diseases prevalent in surface water; water pollution, especially of fishing areas, results from the use of commercial pesticides; ground water contaminated by naturally occurring arsenic; intermittent water shortages because of falling water tables in the northern and central parts of the country; soil degradation and erosion; deforestation; severe overpopulation |
Environment - international agreements:
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party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
Geography - note:
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most of the country is situated on deltas of large rivers flowing from the Himalayas: the Ganges unites with the Jamuna (main channel of the Brahmaputra) and later joins the Meghna to eventually empty into the Bay of Bengal |
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