| Economy | Bolivia |
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Economy - overview:
 | Bolivia is one of the poorest and least developed countries in Latin America. Following a disastrous economic crisis during the early 1980s, reforms spurred private investment, stimulated economic growth, and cut poverty rates in the 1990s. The period 2003-05 was characterized by political instability, racial tensions, and violent protests against plans - subsequently abandoned - to export Bolivia's newly discovered natural gas reserves to large northern hemisphere markets. In 2005, the government passed a controversial hydrocarbons law that imposed significantly higher royalties and required foreign firms then operating under risk-sharing contracts to surrender all production to the state energy company in exchange for a predetermined service fee. After higher prices for mining and hydrocarbons exports produced a fiscal surplus in 2008, the global recession in 2009 slowed growth. A decline in commodity prices that began in late 2008, a lack of foreign investment in the mining and hydrocarbon sectors, a poor infrastructure, and the suspension of trade benefits with the United States will pose challenges for the Bolivian economy in 2010. |
GDP (purchasing power parity):
 | $45.13 billion (2009 est.) $43.9 billion (2008 est.) $41.37 billion (2007 est.) note: data are in 2009 US dollars |
GDP - per capita (PPP):
 | $4,600 (2009 est.) $4,600 (2008 est.) $4,400 (2007 est.) note: data are in 2009 US dollars |
GDP (official exchange rate):
 | $17.55 billion (2009 est.) |
GDP - real growth rate:
 | 2.8% (2009 est.) 6.1% (2008 est.) 4.6% (2007 est.) |
GDP - composition by sector:
 | agriculture: 11.3% industry: 36.9% services: 51.8% (2008 est.) |
Investment (gross fixed):
 | 17.5% of GDP (2009 est.) |
Population below poverty line:
 | 60% (2006 est.) |
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
 | lowest 10%: 0.5% highest 10%: 44.1% (2005) |
Distribution of family income - Gini index:
 | 59.2 (2006) 44.7 (1999) |
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
 | 4.3% (2009 est.) 14% (2008 est.) |
Central bank discount rate:
 | 13% (31 December 2008) 6.5% (31 December 2007) |
Commercial bank prime lending rate:
 | 13.87% (31 December 2008) 12.86% (31 December 2007) |
Stock of money:
 | $3.998 billion (31 December 2008) $3.032 billion (31 December 2007) |
Stock of money - per capita:
 | 409 USD per capita |
Stock of quasi money:
 | $6.339 billion (31 December 2008) $4.729 billion (31 December 2007) |
Stock of quasi money - per capita:
 | 649 USD per capita |
Stock of domestic credit:
 | $5.433 billion (31 December 2008) $4.759 billion (31 December 2007) |
Stock of domestic credit - per capita:
 | 556 USD per capita |
Labor force:
 | 4.536 million (2009 est.) |
Labor force participation rate:
 | 46.40 % of population |
Labor force - by occupation:
 | agriculture: 40% industry: 17% services: 43% (2006 est.) |
Unemployment rate:
 | 8.5% (2009 est.) 7.5% (2008 est.) note: data are for urban areas; widespread underemployment |
Budget:
 | revenues: $7.946 billion expenditures: $8.319 billion (2009 est.) |
Budget revenues per capita:
 | 813 USD per capita |
Public debt:
 | 44% of GDP (2009 est.) 45.2% of GDP (2008 est.) |
Industries:
 | mining, smelting, petroleum, food and beverages, tobacco, handicrafts, clothing |
Industrial production growth rate:
 | 0.8% (2009 est.) |
Electricity - production:
 | 5.495 billion kWh (2007 est.) |
Electricity - production per capita:
 | 563 kWh per capita |
Electricity - consumption:
 | 4.665 billion kWh (2007 est.) |
Electricity - consumption - per capita:
 | 478 kWh per capita |
Electricity - exports:
 | 0 kWh (2008 est.) |
Electricity - imports:
 | 0 kWh (2008 est.) |
Oil - production:
 | 51,360 bbl/day (2008 est.) |
Oil - production per capita:
 | 5,255 bbl/day per capita |
Oil - consumption:
 | 60,000 bbl/day (2008 est.) |
Oil - consumption - per capita:
 | 2.24 bbl/year per capita |
Oil - exports:
 | 10,950 bbl/day (2007 est.) |
Oil - imports:
 | 6,172 bbl/day (2007 est.) |
Oil - proved reserves:
 | 465 million bbl (1 January 2009 est.) |
Natural gas - production:
 | 14.2 billion cu m (2008 est.) |
Natural gas - production per capita:
 | 1,453 cu m per capita |
Natural gas - consumption:
 | 2.41 billion cu m (2008 est.) |
Natural gas - consumption - per capita:
 | 247 cu m per capita |
Natural gas - exports:
 | 11.79 billion cu m (2008 est.) |
Natural gas - imports:
 | 0 cu m (2008 est.) |
Natural gas - proved reserves:
 | 750.4 billion cu m (1 January 2009 est.) |
Agriculture - products:
 | soybeans, coffee, coca, cotton, corn, sugarcane, rice, potatoes; timber |
Current account balance:
 | $725 million (2009 est.) $2.015 billion (2008 est.) |
Current account balance - per capita:
 | 75 USD per capita |
Exports:
 | $4.837 billion (2009 est.) $6.448 billion (2008 est.) |
Exports per capita:
 | 495 USD per capita |
Exports - commodities:
 | natural gas, soybeans and soy products, crude petroleum, zinc ore, tin |
Exports - partners:
 | Brazil 60.1%, US 8.3%, Japan 4.1% (2008) |
Imports:
 | $4.166 billion (2009 est.) $4.641 billion (2008 est.) |
Imports per capita:
 | 427 USD per capita |
Imports - commodities:
 | petroleum products, plastics, paper, aircraft and aircraft parts, prepared foods, automobiles, insecticides, soybeans |
Imports - partners:
 | Brazil 26.7%, Argentina 16.3%, US 10.5%, Chile 9.5%, Peru 7.1%, China 4.8% (2008) |
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
 | $8.317 billion (31 December 2009 est.) $7.722 billion (31 December 2008 est.) |
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold - per capita:
 | 851 USD per capita |
Debt - external:
 | $5.349 billion (31 December 2009 est.) $5.931 billion (31 December 2008 est.) |
Debt - external - per capita:
 | 548 USD per capita |
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:
 | $NA (31 December 2009 est.) $5.998 billion (31 December 2008) |
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home - per capita:
 | void |
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:
 | $NA; $NA (31 December 2009 est.) $63.8 million (31 December 2008) |
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad - per capita:
 | void |
Market value of publicly traded shares:
 | $NA (31 December 2008) $2.263 billion (31 December 2007) $2.223 billion (31 December 2006) |
Market value of publicly traded shares - per capita:
 | void |
Economic aid - donor:
 | void |
Economic aid - recipient:
 | $582.9 million |
Economic aid - recipient per capita:
 | 60 USD per capita |
Currency (code):
 | boliviano (BOB) |
Exchange rates:
 | bolivianos (BOB) per US dollar - 7.0699 (2009), 7.253 (2008), 7.8616 (2007), 8.0159 (2006), 8.0661 (2005) |
Fiscal year:
 | calendar year |
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