| Economy | Bolivia |
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Economy - overview:
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Bolivia is one of the poorest and least developed countries in Latin America. Following a disastrous economic crisis during the early 1980s, reforms spurred private investment, stimulated economic growth, and cut poverty rates in the 1990s. The period 2003-05 was characterized by political instability, racial tensions, and violent protests against plans - subsequently abandoned - to export Bolivia's newly discovered natural gas reserves to large northern hemisphere markets. In 2005, the government passed a controversial hydrocarbons law that imposed significantly higher royalties and required foreign firms then operating under risk-sharing contracts to surrender all production to the state energy company in exchange for a predetermined service fee. The global recession slowed growth, but Bolivia recorded the highest growth rate in South America during 2009. During 2010-11 increases in world commodity prices resulted in large trade surpluses. However, a lack of foreign investment in the key sectors of mining and hydrocarbons and higher food prices pose challenges for the Bolivian economy. |
GDP (purchasing power parity):
|
$51.41 billion (2011 est.)
$48.96 billion (2010 est.)
$47.02 billion (2009 est.)
note: data are in 2011 US dollars |
GDP - per capita (PPP):
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$4,800 (2011 est.)
$4,700 (2010 est.)
$4,600 (2009 est.)
note: data are in 2011 US dollars |
GDP (official exchange rate):
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$23.9 billion (2011 est.) |
GDP - real growth rate:
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5% (2011 est.)
4.1% (2010 est.)
3.4% (2009 est.) |
GDP - composition by sector:
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agriculture: 12%
industry: 38%
services: 50% (2010 est.) |
Investment (gross fixed):
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17.4% of GDP (2011 est.) |
Population below poverty line:
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30.3%
note: based on percent of population living on less than the international standard of $2/day (2009 est.) |
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
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lowest 10%: 1%
highest 10%: 45.4% (2007) |
Distribution of family income - Gini index:
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58.2 (2009)
57.9 (1999) |
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
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10.1% (2011 est.)
2.5% (2010 est.) |
Central bank discount rate:
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3% (31 December 2010 est.)
3% (31 December 2009 est.) |
Commercial bank prime lending rate:
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10.9% (31 December 2011 est.)
9.911% (31 December 2010 est.) |
Stock of money:
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$3.998 billion (31 December 2008)
$3.032 billion (31 December 2007) |
Stock of money - per capita:
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396 USD per capita |
Stock of quasi money:
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$6.339 billion (31 December 2008)
$4.729 billion (31 December 2007) |
Stock of quasi money - per capita:
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627 USD per capita |
Stock of domestic credit:
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$7.553 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$6.05 billion (31 December 2010 est.) |
Stock of domestic credit - per capita:
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747 USD per capita |
Stock of narrow money:
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$5.78 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$4.511 billion (31 December 2010 est.) |
Stock of broad money:
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$13.75 billion (31 December 2010 est.)
$12.16 billion (31 December 2009 est.) |
Labor force:
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4.697 million (2011 est.) |
Labor force participation rate:
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46.42 % of population |
Labor force - by occupation:
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agriculture: 40%
industry: 17%
services: 43% (2006 est.) |
Unemployment rate:
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7.6% (2011 est.)
7.8% (2010 est.)
note: data are for urban areas; widespread underemployment |
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24:
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total: 9.2%
male: 7.3%
female: 11.8% (2002) |
Budget:
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revenues: $10.29 billion
expenditures: $9.88 billion (2011 est.) |
Budget revenues per capita:
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1,017 USD per capita |
Taxes and other revenues:
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43% of GDP (2011 est.) |
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-):
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1.7% of GDP (2011 est.) |
Public debt:
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38% of GDP (2011 est.)
38.1% of GDP (2010 est.)
note: data cover general Government Debt, and includes debt instruments issued by Government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt issued by subnational entities |
Industries:
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mining, smelting, petroleum, food and beverages, tobacco, handicrafts, clothing |
Industrial production growth rate:
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4% (2010 est.) |
Electricity - production:
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6.085 billion kWh (2010 est.) |
Electricity - production per capita:
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602 kWh per capita |
Electricity - consumption:
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5.814 billion kWh (2010 est.) |
Electricity - consumption - per capita:
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575 kWh per capita |
Electricity - exports:
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0 kWh (2009 est.) |
Electricity - imports:
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0 kWh (2010 est.) |
Oil - production:
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53,740 bbl/day (2010 est.) |
Oil - production per capita:
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5,311 bbl/day per capita |
Oil - consumption:
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62,000 bbl/day (2010 est.) |
Oil - consumption - per capita:
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2.24 bbl/year per capita |
Oil - exports:
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5,621 bbl/day (2010 est.) |
Oil - imports:
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17,330 bbl/day (2010 est.) |
Oil - proved reserves:
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465 million bbl (1 January 2011 est.) |
Natural gas - production:
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14.73 billion cu m (2010 est.) |
Natural gas - production per capita:
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1,456 cu m per capita |
Natural gas - consumption:
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3.01 billion cu m (2010 est.) |
Natural gas - consumption - per capita:
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298 cu m per capita |
Natural gas - exports:
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11.72 billion cu m (2010 est.) |
Natural gas - imports:
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0 cu m (2010 est.) |
Natural gas - proved reserves:
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750.4 billion cu m (1 January 2011 est.) |
Agriculture - products:
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soybeans, coffee, coca, cotton, corn, sugarcane, rice, potatoes; timber |
Current account balance:
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$1.211 billion (2011 est.)
$895 million (2010 est.) |
Current account balance - per capita:
|
120 USD per capita |
Exports:
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$8.188 billion (2011 est.)
$6.179 billion (2010 est.) |
Exports per capita:
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810 USD per capita |
Exports - commodities:
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natural gas, soybeans and soy products, crude petroleum, zinc ore, tin |
Exports - partners:
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Brazil 43.5%, US 12.3%, Peru 6.8%, Colombia 5.5%, Japan 5.1%, Argentina 4.8% (2010) |
Imports:
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$6.385 billion (2011 est.)
$4.922 billion (2010 est.) |
Imports per capita:
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632 USD per capita |
Imports - commodities:
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petroleum products, plastics, paper, aircraft and aircraft parts, prepared foods, automobiles, insecticides, soybeans |
Imports - partners:
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Brazil 27.4%, Argentina 17.3%, US 11.9%, Peru 9.6%, Chile 7.8%, China 4.1% (2010) |
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
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$10.78 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$9.73 billion (31 December 2010 est.) |
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold - per capita:
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1,066 USD per capita |
Debt - external:
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$6.856 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$6.164 billion (31 December 2010 est.) |
Debt - external - per capita:
|
678 USD per capita |
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:
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$7.257 billion (31 December 2010)
$6.876 billion (31 December 2009) |
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home - per capita:
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718 USD per capita |
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:
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$21 million (31 December 2010)
$63.8 million (31 December 2008) |
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad - per capita:
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3 USD per capita |
Market value of publicly traded shares:
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$3.388 billion (31 December 2010)
$2.792 billion (31 December 2009)
$2.672 billion (31 December 2008) |
Market value of publicly traded shares - per capita:
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335 USD per capita |
Currency (code):
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boliviano (BOB) |
Exchange rates:
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bolivianos (BOB) per US dollar -
6.983 (2011 est.)
7.07 (2010 est.)
7.07 (2009)
7.253 (2008)
7.8616 (2007) |
Fiscal year:
|
calendar year |
|
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