| Economy | Brazil |
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Economy - overview:
|
Characterized by large and well-developed agricultural, mining, manufacturing, and service sectors, Brazil's economy outweighs that of all other South American countries and Brazil is expanding its presence in world markets. Since 2003, Brazil has steadily improved macroeconomic stability, building up foreign reserves, reducing its debt profile by shifting its debt burden toward real denominated and domestically held instruments, adhering to an inflation target, and committing to fiscal responsibility. In 2008, Brazil became a net external creditor, Brazil's external debt totaled less than its foreign reserve holdings, and two ratings agencies awarded investment grade status to its debt. After record growth in 2007 and 2008, the onset of the global financial crisis hit Braxil in September 2008. Brazil's currency and its stock market - Bovespa - saw huge swings as foreign investors pulled out of Brazil. Brazil experienced two quarters of recession, as global demand for Brazil's commodity-based exports dwindled and external credit dried up. However, Brazil was one of the first emerging markets to begin a recovery. Consumer and investor confidence revived and GDP growth returned to positive in the second quarter, 2009. The Central Bank expects growth of 5% for 2010. |
GDP (purchasing power parity):
|
$2.024 trillion (2009 est.)
$2.022 trillion (2008 est.)
$1.924 trillion (2007 est.)
note: data are in 2009 US dollars |
GDP - per capita (PPP):
|
$10,200 (2009 est.)
$10,300 (2008 est.)
$9,900 (2007 est.)
note: data are in 2009 US dollars |
GDP (official exchange rate):
|
$1.482 trillion (2009 est.) |
GDP - real growth rate:
|
0.1% (2009 est.)
5.1% (2008 est.)
6.1% (2007 est.) |
GDP - composition by sector:
|
agriculture: 6.5%
industry: 25.8%
services: 67.7% (2009 est.) |
Investment (gross fixed):
|
17% of GDP (2009 est.) |
Population below poverty line:
|
26% (2005) |
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
|
lowest 10%: 1.1%
highest 10%: 43% (2007) |
Distribution of family income - Gini index:
|
56.7 (2005)
60.7 (1998) |
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
|
4.2% (2009 est.)
5.9% (2008 est.) |
Central bank discount rate:
|
20.48% (31 December 2008)
17.85% (31 December 2007) |
Commercial bank prime lending rate:
|
47.25% (31 December 2008)
43.72% (31 December 2007) |
Stock of money:
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$95.03 billion (31 December 2008)
$131.1 billion (31 December 2007) |
Stock of money - per capita:
|
479 USD per capita |
Stock of quasi money:
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$724.5 billion (31 December 2008)
$792.8 billion (31 December 2007) |
Stock of quasi money - per capita:
|
3,646 USD per capita |
Stock of domestic credit:
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$1.249 trillion (31 December 2008)
$1.377 trillion (31 December 2007) |
Stock of domestic credit - per capita:
|
6,285 USD per capita |
Labor force:
|
95.21 million (2009 est.) |
Labor force participation rate:
|
47.91 % of population |
Labor force - by occupation:
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agriculture: 20%
industry: 14%
services: 66% (2003 est.) |
Unemployment rate:
|
7.4% (2009 est.)
7.892% (2008 est.) |
Budget:
|
revenues: NA
expenditures: NA |
Budget revenues per capita:
|
void |
Public debt:
|
46.8% of GDP (2009 est.)
38.8% of GDP (2008 est.) |
Industries:
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textiles, shoes, chemicals, cement, lumber, iron ore, tin, steel, aircraft, motor vehicles and parts, other machinery and equipment |
Industrial production growth rate:
|
-7% (2009 est.) |
Electricity - production:
|
438.8 billion kWh (2007 est.) |
Electricity - production per capita:
|
2,208 kWh per capita |
Electricity - consumption:
|
404.3 billion kWh (2007 est.) |
Electricity - consumption - per capita:
|
2,035 kWh per capita |
Electricity - exports:
|
2.034 billion kWh (2007 est.) |
Electricity - imports:
|
42.06 billion kWh; note - supplied by Paraguay (2008 est.) |
Oil - production:
|
2.422 million bbl/day (2008 est.) |
Oil - production per capita:
|
12,187 bbl/day per capita |
Oil - consumption:
|
2.52 million bbl/day (2008 est.) |
Oil - consumption - per capita:
|
4.63 bbl/year per capita |
Oil - exports:
|
570,100 bbl/day (2007 est.) |
Oil - imports:
|
632,900 bbl/day (2007 est.) |
Oil - proved reserves:
|
12.62 billion bbl (1 January 2009 est.) |
Natural gas - production:
|
12.62 billion cu m (2008 est.) |
Natural gas - production per capita:
|
64 cu m per capita |
Natural gas - consumption:
|
23.65 billion cu m (2008 est.) |
Natural gas - consumption - per capita:
|
120 cu m per capita |
Natural gas - exports:
|
0 cu m (2008 est.) |
Natural gas - imports:
|
11.03 billion cu m (2008 est.) |
Natural gas - proved reserves:
|
365 billion cu m (1 January 2009 est.) |
Agriculture - products:
|
coffee, soybeans, wheat, rice, corn, sugarcane, cocoa, citrus; beef |
Current account balance:
|
$-11.28 billion (2009 est.)
$-28.19 billion (2008 est.) |
Current account balance - per capita:
|
-56 USD per capita |
Exports:
|
$158.9 billion (2009 est.)
$197.9 billion (2008 est.) |
Exports per capita:
|
800 USD per capita |
Exports - commodities:
|
transport equipment, iron ore, soybeans, footwear, coffee, autos |
Exports - partners:
|
US 14.4%, China 12.4%, Argentina 8.4%, Netherlands 5%, Germany 4.5% (2008) |
Imports:
|
$136 billion (2009 est.)
$173.1 billion (2008 est.) |
Imports per capita:
|
685 USD per capita |
Imports - commodities:
|
machinery, electrical and transport equipment, chemical products, oil, automotive parts, electronics |
Imports - partners:
|
US 14.9%, China 11.6%, Argentina 7.9%, Germany 7% (2008) |
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
|
$238 billion (11 December 2009 est.)
$193.8 billion (31 December 2008 est.) |
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold - per capita:
|
1,198 USD per capita |
Debt - external:
|
$216.1 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
$262.9 billion (31 December 2008 est.) |
Debt - external - per capita:
|
1,088 USD per capita |
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:
|
$318.5 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
$294 billion (31 December 2008 est.) |
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home - per capita:
|
1,603 USD per capita |
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:
|
$124.3 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
$127.5 billion (31 December 2008 est.) |
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad - per capita:
|
626 USD per capita |
Market value of publicly traded shares:
|
$589.4 billion (31 December 2008)
$1.37 trillion (31 December 2007)
$711.1 billion (31 December 2006) |
Market value of publicly traded shares - per capita:
|
2,966 USD per capita |
Economic aid - donor:
|
void |
Economic aid - recipient:
|
$191.9 million |
Economic aid - recipient per capita:
|
1 USD per capita |
Currency (code):
|
real (BRL) |
Exchange rates:
|
reals (BRL) per US dollar - 2.0322 (2009), 1.8644 (2008), 1.85 (2007), 2.1761 (2006), 2.4344 (2005) |
Fiscal year:
|
calendar year |
|
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