| Economy | Bulgaria |
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Economy - overview:
 | Bulgaria, a former Communist country that entered the EU on 1 January 2007, experienced more than 6% growth from 1996 to 2008, driven by significant amounts of foreign direct investment. Successive governments have demonstrated a commitment to economic reforms and responsible fiscal planning, but the global downturn is reducing exports, capital inflows, and industrial production. GDP in 2009 contracted by approximately 5%, having averaged more than 6% growth in the preceding years, driven by significant amounts of foreign direct investment. Corruption in the public administration, a weak judiciary, and the presence of organized crime remain significant challenges. |
GDP (purchasing power parity):
 | $90.54 billion (2009 est.) $95.1 billion (2008 est.) $89.72 billion (2007 est.) note: data are in 2009 US dollars |
GDP - per capita (PPP):
 | $12,600 (2009 est.) $13,100 (2008 est.) $12,300 (2007 est.) note: data are in 2009 US dollars |
GDP (official exchange rate):
 | $44.78 billion (2009 est.) |
GDP - real growth rate:
 | -4.8% (2009 est.) 6% (2008 est.) 6.2% (2007 est.) |
GDP - composition by sector:
 | agriculture: 7.5% industry: 27.6% services: 64.9% (2009 est.) |
Investment (gross fixed):
 | 28.6% of GDP (2009 est.) |
Population below poverty line:
 | 14.1% (2003 est.) |
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
 | lowest 10%: 3% highest 10%: 25.5% (2007) |
Distribution of family income - Gini index:
 | 30.7 (2007) 26.4 (2001) |
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
 | 2.7% (2009 est.) 12.3% (2008 est.) |
Central bank discount rate:
 | 5.77% (31 December 2008) 4.58% (31 December 2007) |
Commercial bank prime lending rate:
 | 10.86% (31 December 2008) 10% (31 December 2007) |
Stock of money:
 | $14.29 billion (31 December 2008) $15.58 billion (31 December 2007) |
Stock of money - per capita:
 | 1,984 USD per capita |
Stock of quasi money:
 | $19.67 billion (31 December 2008) $17.03 billion (31 December 2007) |
Stock of quasi money - per capita:
 | 2,731 USD per capita |
Stock of domestic credit:
 | $32.04 billion (31 December 2008) $25.18 billion (31 December 2007) |
Stock of domestic credit - per capita:
 | 4,448 USD per capita |
Labor force:
 | 2.63 million (2009 est.) |
Labor force participation rate:
 | 36.50 % of population |
Labor force - by occupation:
 | agriculture: 7.5% industry: 35.5% services: 57% (2007 est.) |
Unemployment rate:
 | 9.1% (2009 est.) 6.3% (2008 est.) |
Budget:
 | revenues: $17.3 billion expenditures: $17.89 billion (2009 est.) |
Budget revenues per capita:
 | 2,402 USD per capita |
Public debt:
 | 21.4% of GDP (2009 est.) 14.1% of GDP (2008 est.) |
Industries:
 | electricity, gas, water; food, beverages, tobacco; machinery and equipment, base metals, chemical products, coke, refined petroleum, nuclear fuel |
Industrial production growth rate:
 | -14% (2009 est.) |
Electricity - production:
 | 40.25 billion kWh (2007 est.) |
Electricity - production per capita:
 | 5,587 kWh per capita |
Electricity - consumption:
 | 31.08 billion kWh (2007 est.) |
Electricity - consumption - per capita:
 | 4,314 kWh per capita |
Electricity - exports:
 | 8.441 billion kWh (2008 est.) |
Electricity - imports:
 | 3.097 billion kWh (2008 est.) |
Oil - production:
 | 3,357 bbl/day (2008 est.) |
Oil - production per capita:
 | 466 bbl/day per capita |
Oil - consumption:
 | 124,000 bbl/day (2008 est.) |
Oil - consumption - per capita:
 | 6.28 bbl/year per capita |
Oil - exports:
 | 76,570 bbl/day (2007 est.) |
Oil - imports:
 | 189,000 bbl/day (2007 est.) |
Oil - proved reserves:
 | 15 million bbl (1 January 2009 est.) |
Natural gas - production:
 | 300 million cu m (2008 est.) |
Natural gas - production per capita:
 | 42 cu m per capita |
Natural gas - consumption:
 | 3.4 billion cu m (2008 est.) |
Natural gas - consumption - per capita:
 | 472 cu m per capita |
Natural gas - exports:
 | 0 cu m (2008 est.) |
Natural gas - imports:
 | 3.1 billion cu m (2008 est.) |
Natural gas - proved reserves:
 | 5.663 billion cu m (1 January 2009 est.) |
Agriculture - products:
 | vegetables, fruits, tobacco, wine, wheat, barley, sunflowers, sugar beets; livestock |
Current account balance:
 | $-5.812 billion (2009 est.) $-12.65 billion (2008 est.) |
Current account balance - per capita:
 | -806 USD per capita |
Exports:
 | $16.23 billion (2009 est.) $22.71 billion (2008 est.) |
Exports per capita:
 | 2,253 USD per capita |
Exports - commodities:
 | clothing, footwear, iron and steel, machinery and equipment, fuels |
Exports - partners:
 | Greece 9.9%, Germany 9.2%, Turkey 8.9%, Italy 8.5%, Romania 7.2%, Belgium 5.9%, France 4.1% (2008) |
Imports:
 | $23.27 billion (2009 est.) $35.64 billion (2008 est.) |
Imports per capita:
 | 3,230 USD per capita |
Imports - commodities:
 | machinery and equipment; metals and ores; chemicals and plastics; fuels, minerals, and raw materials |
Imports - partners:
 | Russia 14.6%, Germany 11.8%, Italy 7.9%, Ukraine 7.3%, Romania 5.6%, Turkey 5.5%, Greece 5.4%, Austria 4.1% (2008) |
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
 | $16.49 billion (31 December 2009 est.) $17.93 billion (31 December 2008 est.) |
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold - per capita:
 | 2,289 USD per capita |
Debt - external:
 | $49.28 billion (31 December 2009 est.) $51.46 billion (31 December 2008 est.) |
Debt - external - per capita:
 | 6,840 USD per capita |
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:
 | $47.31 billion (31 December 2009 est.) $42.91 billion (31 December 2008 est.) |
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home - per capita:
 | 6,567 USD per capita |
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:
 | $1.392 billion (31 December 2009 est.) $1.292 billion (31 December 2008 est.) |
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad - per capita:
 | 194 USD per capita |
Market value of publicly traded shares:
 | $8.858 billion (31 December 2008) $21.79 billion (31 December 2007) $10.32 billion (31 December 2006) |
Market value of publicly traded shares - per capita:
 | 1,230 USD per capita |
Economic aid - donor:
 | void |
Economic aid - recipient:
 | $742 million |
Economic aid - recipient per capita:
 | 103 USD per capita |
Currency (code):
 | lev (BGN) |
Exchange rates:
 | leva (BGN) per US dollar - 1.4352 (2009), 1.3171 (2008), 1.4366 (2007), 1.5576 (2006), 1.5741 (2005) |
Fiscal year:
 | calendar year |
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