| Geography | Burundi |
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Location:
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Central Africa, east of Democratic Republic of the Congo |
Geographic coordinates:
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3 30 S, 30 00 E |
Map references:
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Africa |
Area:
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total: 27,830 sq km
land: 25,650 sq km
water: 2,180 sq km |
Area - comparative:
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slightly smaller than Maryland |
Land boundaries:
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total: 974 km
border countries: Democratic Republic of the Congo 233 km, Rwanda 290 km, Tanzania 451 km |
Coastline:
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0 km (landlocked) |
Maritime claims:
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none (landlocked) |
Climate:
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equatorial; high plateau with considerable altitude variation (772 m to 2,670 m above sea level); average annual temperature varies with altitude from 23 to 17 degrees centigrade but is generally moderate as the average altitude is about 1,700 m; average annual rainfall is about 150 cm; two wet seasons (February to May and September to November), and two dry seasons (June to August and December to January) |
Terrain:
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hilly and mountainous, dropping to a plateau in east, some plains |
Elevation extremes:
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lowest point: Lake Tanganyika 772 m
highest point: Heha 2,670 m |
Natural resources:
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nickel, uranium, rare earth oxides, peat, cobalt, copper, platinum, vanadium, arable land, hydropower, niobium, tantalum, gold, tin, tungsten, kaolin, limestone |
Land use:
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arable land: 35.57%
permanent crops: 13.12%
other: 51.31% (2005) |
Irrigated land:
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210 sq km (2003) |
Total renewable water resources:
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3.6 cu km (1987) |
Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):
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Total: 0.29 cu km/yr (17%/6%/77%)
Per capita: 38 cu m/yr (2000) |
Natural hazards:
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flooding, landslides, drought |
Environment - current issues:
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soil erosion as a result of overgrazing and the expansion of agriculture into marginal lands; deforestation (little forested land remains because of uncontrolled cutting of trees for fuel); habitat loss threatens wildlife populations |
Environment - international agreements:
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party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea |
Geography - note:
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landlocked; straddles crest of the Nile-Congo watershed; the Kagera, which drains into Lake Victoria, is the most remote headstream of the White Nile |
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