| Geography | Cameroon |
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Location:
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Western Africa, bordering the Bight of Biafra, between Equatorial Guinea and Nigeria |
Geographic coordinates:
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6 00 N, 12 00 E |
Map references:
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Africa |
Area:
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total: 475,440 sq km
land: 469,440 sq km
water: 6,000 sq km |
Area - comparative:
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slightly larger than California |
Land boundaries:
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total: 4,591 km
border countries: Central African Republic 797 km, Chad 1,094 km, Republic of the Congo 523 km, Equatorial Guinea 189 km, Gabon 298 km, Nigeria 1,690 km |
Coastline:
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402 km |
Maritime claims:
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territorial sea: 12 nm
contiguous zone: 24 nm |
Climate:
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varies with terrain, from tropical along coast to semiarid and hot in north |
Terrain:
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diverse, with coastal plain in southwest, dissected plateau in center, mountains in west, plains in north |
Elevation extremes:
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lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Fako 4,095 m (on Mt. Cameroon) |
Natural resources:
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petroleum, bauxite, iron ore, timber, hydropower |
Land use:
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arable land: 12.54%
permanent crops: 2.52%
other: 84.94% (2005) |
Irrigated land:
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260 sq km (2003) |
Total renewable water resources:
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285.5 cu km (2003) |
Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):
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Total: 0.99 cu km/yr (18%/8%/74%)
Per capita: 61 cu m/yr (2000) |
Natural hazards:
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volcanic activity with periodic releases of poisonous gases from Lake Nyos and Lake Monoun volcanoes |
Environment - current issues:
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waterborne diseases are prevalent; deforestation; overgrazing; desertification; poaching; overfishing |
Environment - international agreements:
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party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
Geography - note:
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sometimes referred to as the hinge of Africa; throughout the country there are areas of thermal springs and indications of current or prior volcanic activity; Mount Cameroon, the highest mountain in Sub-Saharan west Africa, is an active volcano |
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