| Geography | Croatia |
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Location:
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Southeastern Europe, bordering the Adriatic Sea, between Bosnia and Herzegovina and Slovenia |
Geographic coordinates:
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45 10 N, 15 30 E |
Map references:
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Europe |
Area:
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total: 56,542 sq km
land: 56,414 sq km
water: 128 sq km |
Area - comparative:
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slightly smaller than West Virginia |
Land boundaries:
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total: 2,197 km
border countries: Bosnia and Herzegovina 932 km, Hungary 329 km, Serbia 241 km, Montenegro 25 km, Slovenia 670 km |
Coastline:
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5,835 km (mainland 1,777 km, islands 4,058 km) |
Maritime claims:
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territorial sea: 12 nm
continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation |
Climate:
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Mediterranean and continental; continental climate predominant with hot summers and cold winters; mild winters, dry summers along coast |
Terrain:
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geographically diverse; flat plains along Hungarian border, low mountains and highlands near Adriatic coastline and islands |
Elevation extremes:
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lowest point: Adriatic Sea 0 m
highest point: Dinara 1,830 m |
Natural resources:
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oil, some coal, bauxite, low-grade iron ore, calcium, gypsum, natural asphalt, silica, mica, clays, salt, hydropower |
Land use:
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arable land: 25.82%
permanent crops: 2.19%
other: 71.99% (2005) |
Irrigated land:
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110 sq km (2003) |
Total renewable water resources:
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105.5 cu km (1998) |
Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):
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void |
Natural hazards:
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destructive earthquakes |
Environment - current issues:
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air pollution (from metallurgical plants) and resulting acid rain is damaging the forests; coastal pollution from industrial and domestic waste; landmine removal and reconstruction of infrastructure consequent to 1992-95 civil strife |
Environment - international agreements:
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party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling
signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol |
Geography - note:
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controls most land routes from Western Europe to Aegean Sea and Turkish Straits; most Adriatic Sea islands lie off the coast of Croatia - some 1,200 islands, islets, ridges, and rocks |
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