| Geography | The Gambia |
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Location:
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Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean and Senegal |
Geographic coordinates:
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13 28 N, 16 34 W |
Map references:
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Africa |
Area:
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total: 11,295 sq km
land: 10,000 sq km
water: 1,295 sq km |
Area - comparative:
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slightly less than twice the size of Delaware |
Land boundaries:
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total: 740 km
border countries: Senegal 740 km |
Coastline:
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80 km |
Maritime claims:
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territorial sea: 12 nm
contiguous zone: 18 nm
exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
continental shelf: extent not specified |
Climate:
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tropical; hot, rainy season (June to November); cooler, dry season (November to May) |
Terrain:
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flood plain of the Gambia River flanked by some low hills |
Elevation extremes:
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lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed elevation 53 m |
Natural resources:
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fish, clay, silica sand, titanium (rutile and ilmenite), tin, zircon |
Land use:
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arable land: 27.88%
permanent crops: 0.44%
other: 71.68% (2005) |
Irrigated land:
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20 sq km (2008) |
Total renewable water resources:
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8 cu km (1982) |
Total renewable water resources - per capita:
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4,450 cubic meters per capita |
Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):
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total: 0.03 cu km/yr (23%/12%/65%)
per capita: 20 cu m/yr (2000) |
Natural hazards:
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drought (rainfall has dropped by 30% in the last 30 years) |
Environment - current issues:
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deforestation; desertification; water-borne diseases prevalent |
Environment - international agreements:
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party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
Geography - note:
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almost an enclave of Senegal; smallest country on the continent of Africa |
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