| Geography | Georgia |
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Location:
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Southwestern Asia, bordering the Black Sea, between Turkey and Russia |
Geographic coordinates:
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42 00 N, 43 30 E |
Map references:
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Asia |
Area:
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total: 69,700 sq km
land: 69,700 sq km
water: 0 sq km |
Area - comparative:
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slightly smaller than South Carolina |
Land boundaries:
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total: 1,461 km
border countries: Armenia 164 km, Azerbaijan 322 km, Russia 723 km, Turkey 252 km |
Coastline:
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310 km |
Maritime claims:
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territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm |
Climate:
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warm and pleasant; Mediterranean-like on Black Sea coast |
Terrain:
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largely mountainous with Great Caucasus Mountains in the north and Lesser Caucasus Mountains in the south; Kolkhet'is Dablobi (Kolkhida Lowland) opens to the Black Sea in the west; Mtkvari River Basin in the east; good soils in river valley flood plains, foothills of Kolkhida Lowland |
Elevation extremes:
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lowest point: Black Sea 0 m
highest point: Mt'a Shkhara 5,201 m |
Natural resources:
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forests, hydropower, manganese deposits, iron ore, copper, minor coal and oil deposits; coastal climate and soils allow for important tea and citrus growth |
Land use:
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arable land: 11.51%
permanent crops: 3.79%
other: 84.7% (2005) |
Irrigated land:
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4,690 sq km (2003) |
Total renewable water resources:
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63.3 cu km (1997) |
Total renewable water resources - per capita:
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13,714 cubic meters per capita |
Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):
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total: 3.61 cu km/yr (20%/21%/59%)
per capita: 808 cu m/yr (2000) |
Natural hazards:
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earthquakes |
Environment - current issues:
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air pollution, particularly in Rust'avi; heavy pollution of Mtkvari River and the Black Sea; inadequate supplies of potable water; soil pollution from toxic chemicals |
Environment - international agreements:
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party to: Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
Geography - note:
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strategically located east of the Black Sea; Georgia controls much of the Caucasus Mountains and the routes through them |
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