| Geography | Ghana |
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Location:
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Western Africa, bordering the Gulf of Guinea, between Cote d'Ivoire and Togo |
Geographic coordinates:
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8 00 N, 2 00 W |
Map references:
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Africa |
Area:
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total: 238,533 sq km
land: 227,533 sq km
water: 11,000 sq km |
Area - comparative:
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slightly smaller than Oregon |
Land boundaries:
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total: 2,094 km
border countries: Burkina Faso 549 km, Cote d'Ivoire 668 km, Togo 877 km |
Coastline:
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539 km |
Maritime claims:
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territorial sea: 12 nm
contiguous zone: 24 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
continental shelf: 200 nm |
Climate:
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tropical; warm and comparatively dry along southeast coast; hot and humid in southwest; hot and dry in north |
Terrain:
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mostly low plains with dissected plateau in south-central area |
Elevation extremes:
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lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Mount Afadjato 885 m |
Natural resources:
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gold, timber, industrial diamonds, bauxite, manganese, fish, rubber, hydropower, petroleum, silver, salt, limestone |
Land use:
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arable land: 17.54%
permanent crops: 9.22%
other: 73.24% (2005) |
Irrigated land:
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340 sq km (2008) |
Total renewable water resources:
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53.2 cu km (2001) |
Total renewable water resources - per capita:
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2,146 cubic meters per capita |
Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):
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total: 0.98 cu km/yr (24%/10%/66%)
per capita: 44 cu m/yr (2000) |
Natural hazards:
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dry, dusty, northeastern harmattan winds occur from January to March; droughts |
Environment - current issues:
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recurrent drought in north severely affects agricultural activities; deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion; poaching and habitat destruction threatens wildlife populations; water pollution; inadequate supplies of potable water |
Environment - international agreements:
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party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: Marine Life Conservation |
Geography - note:
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Lake Volta is the world's largest artificial lake by surface area (8,482 sq km; 3,275 sq mi) |
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