| Geography | Greece |  = Fields  = World Records  = Dictionary  = Bar graph  = Distribution map  = Fields History  = Definitions |
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Location:
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Southern Europe, bordering the Aegean Sea, Ionian Sea, and the Mediterranean Sea, between Albania and Turkey |
Geographic coordinates:
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39 00 N, 22 00 E |
Map references:
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Europe |
Area:
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total: 131,957 sq km
land: 130,647 sq km
water: 1,310 sq km |
Area - comparative:
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slightly smaller than Alabama |
Land boundaries:
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total: 1,228 km
border countries: Albania 282 km, Bulgaria 494 km, Turkey 206 km, Macedonia 246 km |
Coastline:
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13,676 km |
Maritime claims:
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territorial sea: 12 nm
continental shelf: 200 m depth or to the depth of exploitation |
Climate:
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temperate; mild, wet winters; hot, dry summers |
Terrain:
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mostly mountains with ranges extending into the sea as peninsulas or chains of islands |
Elevation extremes:
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lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m
highest point: Mount Olympus 2,917 m |
Natural resources:
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lignite, petroleum, iron ore, bauxite, lead, zinc, nickel, magnesite, marble, salt, hydropower potential |
Land use:
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arable land: 20.45%
permanent crops: 8.59%
other: 70.96% (2005) |
Irrigated land:
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15,500 sq km (2008) |
Total renewable water resources:
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72 cu km (2005) |
Total renewable water resources - per capita:
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6,692 cubic meters per capita |
Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):
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total: 8.7 cu km/yr (16%/3%/81%)
per capita: 782 cu m/yr (1997) |
Natural hazards:
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severe earthquakes
volcanism: Santorini (elev. 367 m) has been deemed a "Decade Volcano" by the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior, worthy of study due to its explosive history and close proximity to human populations; although there have been very few eruptions in recent centuries, Methana and Nisyros in the Aegean are classified as historically active |
Environment - current issues:
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air pollution; water pollution |
Environment - international agreements:
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party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds |
Geography - note:
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strategic location dominating the Aegean Sea and southern approach to Turkish Straits; a peninsular country, possessing an archipelago of about 2,000 islands |
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This page was last updated on 3 February, 2012 |
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