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Hungary
Magyar Koztarsasag
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EconomyHungary
Field = Fields World Record = World Records  = Dictionary Bar Graph = Bar graph Distribution Maps = Distribution map Field History = Fields History Definitions = Definitions

Economy - overview:
Field  Dictionary  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

Hungary has made the transition from a centrally planned to a market economy, with a per capita income nearly two-thirds that of the EU-25 average. The private sector accounts for more than 80% of GDP. Foreign ownership of and investment in Hungarian firms are widespread, with cumulative foreign direct investment worth more than $70 billion. The government's austerity measures, imposed since late 2006, reduced the budget deficit from over 9% of GDP in 2006 to 4.2% in 2010 and 2.9% in 2011. Hungary's impending inability to service its short-term debt - brought on by the global financial crisis in late 2008 - led Budapest to obtain an IMF/EU/World Bank-arranged financial assistance package worth over $25 billion. The global economic downturn, declining exports, and low domestic consumption and fixed asset accumulation, dampened by government austerity measures, resulted in an economic contraction of 6.3% in 2009. In 2010 the new government implemented a number of changes including cutting business and personal income taxes, but imposed "crisis taxes" on financial institutions, energy and telecom companies, and retailers. The economy began to recover in 2010 with a big boost from exports, especially to Germany, and achieved growth of approximately 1.8% in 2011. Unemployment remained high, at more than 11% in 2011. Ongoing economic weakness in Western Europe is likely to further constrain growth in 2012.

GDP (purchasing power parity):
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

$195.9 billion (2011 est.)
$192.5 billion (2010 est.)
$190.1 billion (2009 est.)
note: data are in 2011 US dollars

GDP - per capita (PPP):
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

$19,600 (2011 est.)
$19,200 (2010 est.)
$19,000 (2009 est.)
note: data are in 2011 US dollars

GDP (official exchange rate):
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

$147.9 billion (2011 est.)

GDP - real growth rate:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

1.8% (2011 est.)
1.2% (2010 est.)
-6.7% (2009 est.)

GDP - composition by sector:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

agriculture: 2.4%
industry: 37.3%
services: 60.3% (2011 est.)

Investment (gross fixed):
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

19.4% of GDP (2011 est.)

Population below poverty line:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

13.9% (2010)

Household income or consumption by percentage share:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

lowest 10%: 3.1%
highest 10%: 22.6% (2009)

Distribution of family income - Gini index:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

24.7 (2009)
24.4 (1998)

Inflation rate (consumer prices):
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

3.7% (2011 est.)
4.9% (2010 est.)

Central bank discount rate:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

6.25% (31 December 2011)
5.75% (31 December 2010)

Commercial bank prime lending rate:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

8.4% (31 December 2011 est.)
7.592% (31 December 2010 est.)

Stock of money:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

$30.27 billion (31 December 2009)
$32.78 billion (31 December 2008)

Stock of money - per capita:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

3,035 USD per capita

Stock of quasi money:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

$40.7 billion (31 December 2009)
$47.49 billion (31 December 2008)

Stock of quasi money - per capita:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

4,080 USD per capita

Stock of domestic credit:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

$110.2 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$104.8 billion (31 December 2010 est.)

Stock of domestic credit - per capita:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

11,047 USD per capita

Stock of narrow money:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

$34.11 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$31.8 billion (31 December 2010 est.)

Stock of broad money:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

$72.73 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$68.82 billion (31 December 2010 est.)

Labor force:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

4.238 million (2011 est.)

Labor force participation rate:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

42.48 % of population

Labor force - by occupation:
Field  Dictionary  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

agriculture: 4.7%
industry: 30.9%
services: 64.4% (2010)

Unemployment rate:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

11.1% (2011 est.)
11.2% (2010 est.)

Unemployment, youth ages 15-24:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

total: 26.5%
male: 28.2%
female: 24.2% (2009)

Budget:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

revenues: $73.74 billion
expenditures: $78.08 billion (2011 est.)

Budget revenues per capita:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

7,392 USD per capita

Taxes and other revenues:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

49.9% of GDP (2011 est.)

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-):
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

-2.9% of GDP
note: in 2011, the Government decided to redirect funds from the country's obligatory private pension scheme into state coffers in order to pay off government debt, effectively renationalizing the private pension system; the 2.9% deficit shown here does not include this change; including this change would result in a budget surplus of 3.6%; using funds in this manner allowed Hungary to achieve a reduction in public debt of more than 5 percentage points (2011 est.)

Public debt:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

76% of GDP (2011 est.)
81.3% of GDP (2010 est.)
note: general government gross debt is defined in the Maastricht Treaty as consolidated general government gross debt at nominal value, outstanding at the end of the year in the following categories of government liabilities: currency and deposits, securities other than shares excluding financial derivatives, and government, state government, local government, and social security funds.

Industries:
Field  Dictionary  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

mining, metallurgy, construction materials, processed foods, textiles, chemicals (especially pharmaceuticals), motor vehicles

Industrial production growth rate:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

5.3% (2011 est.)

Electricity - production:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

37.55 billion kWh (2010 est.)

Electricity - production per capita:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

3,765 kWh per capita

Electricity - consumption:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

42.7 billion kWh (2010 est.)

Electricity - consumption - per capita:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

4,281 kWh per capita

Electricity - exports:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

4.703 billion kWh (2010 est.)

Electricity - imports:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

9.879 billion kWh (2010 est.)

Oil - production:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

34,480 bbl/day (2010 est.)

Oil - production per capita:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

3,457 bbl/day per capita

Oil - consumption:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

146,600 bbl/day (2010 est.)

Oil - consumption - per capita:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

5.36 bbl/year per capita

Oil - exports:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

69,820 bbl/day (2009 est.)

Oil - imports:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

171,600 bbl/day (2010 est.)

Oil - proved reserves:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

26.57 million bbl (1 January 2011 est.)

Natural gas - production:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

2.494 billion cu m (2010 est.)

Natural gas - production per capita:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

250 cu m per capita

Natural gas - consumption:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

12.05 billion cu m (2010 est.)

Natural gas - consumption - per capita:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

1,208 cu m per capita

Natural gas - exports:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

227 million cu m (2010 est.)

Natural gas - imports:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

9.636 billion cu m (2010 est.)

Natural gas - proved reserves:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

8.098 billion cu m (1 January 2011 est.)

Agriculture - products:
Field  Dictionary  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

wheat, corn, sunflower seed, potatoes, sugar beets; pigs, cattle, poultry, dairy products

Current account balance:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

$1.876 billion (2011 est.)
$3.049 billion (2010 est.)

Current account balance - per capita:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

189 USD per capita

Exports:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

$115.6 billion (2011 est.)
$93.29 billion (2010 est.)

Exports per capita:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

11,588 USD per capita

Exports - commodities:
Field  Dictionary  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

machinery and equipment 61.1%, other manufactures 28.7%, food products 6.5%, raw materials 2%, fuels and electricity 1.6% (2009 est.)

Exports - partners:
Field  Dictionary  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

Germany 25.5%, Italy 5.5%, UK 5.4%, Romania 5.3%, Slovakia 5.1%, France 4.9%, Austria 4.7% (2010 est.)

Imports:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

$107.8 billion (2011 est.)
$87.08 billion (2010 est.)

Imports per capita:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

10,806 USD per capita

Imports - commodities:
Field  Dictionary  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

machinery and equipment 50%, fuels and electricity 11%, food products, raw materials

Imports - partners:
Field  Dictionary  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

Germany 26.1%, Russia 7.7%, China 6.8%, Austria 5.9%, Netherlands 4.4%, Poland 4.3%, Italy 4.2% (2010 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

$52.89 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$44.99 billion (31 December 2010 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold - per capita:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

5,302 USD per capita

Debt - external:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

$185 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$179 billion (31 December 2010 est.)

Debt - external - per capita:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

18,545 USD per capita

Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

$73.93 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$71.47 billion (31 December 2010 est.)

Stock of direct foreign investment - at home - per capita:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

7,411 USD per capita

Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

$24.04 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$22.17 billion (31 December 2010 est.)

Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad - per capita:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

2,410 USD per capita

Market value of publicly traded shares:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

$27.71 billion (31 December 2010)
$28.29 billion (31 December 2009)
$18.58 billion (31 December 2008)

Market value of publicly traded shares - per capita:
Field  World Record  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

2,778 USD per capita

Currency (code):
Field  Dictionary  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

forint (HUF)

Exchange rates:
Field  Dictionary  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

forints (HUF) per US dollar -
195.9 (2011 est.)
207.94 (2010 est.)
202.34 (2009)
171.8 (2008)
183.83 (2007)

Fiscal year:
Field  Dictionary  Bar Graph  Distribution Map  Field History  Notes and Definitions

calendar year
Field = Fields World Record = World Records  = Dictionary Bar Graph = Bar graph Distribution Maps = Distribution map Field History = Fields History Definitions = Definitions


This page was last updated on 3 February, 2012

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