| Geography | Iceland |
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Location:
 | Northern Europe, island between the Greenland Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, northwest of the UK |
Geographic coordinates:
 | 65 00 N, 18 00 W |
Map references:
 | Arctic Region |
Area:
 | total: 103,000 sq km land: 100,250 sq km water: 2,750 sq km |
Area - comparative:
 | slightly smaller than Kentucky |
Land boundaries:
 | 0 km |
Coastline:
 | 4,970 km |
Maritime claims:
 | territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin |
Climate:
 | temperate; moderated by North Atlantic Current; mild, windy winters; damp, cool summers |
Terrain:
 | mostly plateau interspersed with mountain peaks, icefields; coast deeply indented by bays and fiords |
Elevation extremes:
 | lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Hvannadalshnukur 2,110 m (at Vatnajokull glacier) |
Natural resources:
 | fish, hydropower, geothermal power, diatomite |
Land use:
 | arable land: 0.07% permanent crops: 0% other: 99.93% (2005) |
Irrigated land:
 | NA |
Total renewable water resources:
 | 170 cu km (2005) |
Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):
 | Total: 0.17 cu km/yr (34%/66%/0%) Per capita: 567 cu m/yr (2003) |
Natural hazards:
 | earthquakes and volcanic activity |
Environment - current issues:
 | water pollution from fertilizer runoff; inadequate wastewater treatment |
Environment - international agreements:
 | party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Kyoto Protocol, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Transboundary Air Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling signed, but not ratified: Environmental Modification, Marine Life Conservation |
Geography - note:
 | strategic location between Greenland and Europe; westernmost European country; Reykjavik is the northernmost national capital in the world; more land covered by glaciers than in all of continental Europe |
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