| Geography | Indonesia |
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Location:
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Southeastern Asia, archipelago between the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean |
Geographic coordinates:
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5 00 S, 120 00 E |
Map references:
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Southeast Asia |
Area:
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total: 1,919,440 sq km
land: 1,826,440 sq km
water: 93,000 sq km |
Area - comparative:
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slightly less than three times the size of Texas |
Land boundaries:
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total: 2,830 km
border countries: Timor-Leste 228 km, Malaysia 1,782 km, Papua New Guinea 820 km |
Coastline:
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54,716 km |
Maritime claims:
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measured from claimed archipelagic straight baselines
territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm |
Climate:
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tropical; hot, humid; more moderate in highlands |
Terrain:
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mostly coastal lowlands; larger islands have interior mountains |
Elevation extremes:
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lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: Puncak Jaya 5,030 m |
Natural resources:
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petroleum, tin, natural gas, nickel, timber, bauxite, copper, fertile soils, coal, gold, silver |
Land use:
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arable land: 11.03%
permanent crops: 7.04%
other: 81.93% (2005) |
Irrigated land:
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45,000 sq km (2003) |
Total renewable water resources:
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2,838 cu km (1999) |
Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):
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Total: 82.78 cu km/yr (8%/1%/91%)
Per capita: 372 cu m/yr (2000) |
Natural hazards:
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occasional floods, severe droughts, tsunamis, earthquakes, volcanoes, forest fires |
Environment - current issues:
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deforestation; water pollution from industrial wastes, sewage; air pollution in urban areas; smoke and haze from forest fires |
Environment - international agreements:
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party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
Geography - note:
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archipelago of 17,508 islands (6,000 inhabited); straddles equator; strategic location astride or along major sea lanes from Indian Ocean to Pacific Ocean |
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