| Geography | Kyrgyzstan |
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Location:
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Central Asia, west of China, south of Kazakhstan |
Geographic coordinates:
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41 00 N, 75 00 E |
Map references:
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Asia |
Area:
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total: 199,951 sq km
land: 191,801 sq km
water: 8,150 sq km |
Area - comparative:
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slightly smaller than South Dakota |
Land boundaries:
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total: 3,051 km
border countries: China 858 km, Kazakhstan 1,224 km, Tajikistan 870 km, Uzbekistan 1,099 km |
Coastline:
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0 km (landlocked) |
Maritime claims:
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none (landlocked) |
Climate:
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dry continental to polar in high Tien Shan Mountains; subtropical in southwest (Fergana Valley); temperate in northern foothill zone |
Terrain:
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peaks of Tien Shan and associated valleys and basins encompass entire nation |
Elevation extremes:
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lowest point: Kara-Daryya (Karadar'ya) 132 m
highest point: Jengish Chokusu (Pik Pobedy) 7,439 m |
Natural resources:
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abundant hydropower; significant deposits of gold and rare earth metals; locally exploitable coal, oil, and natural gas; other deposits of nepheline, mercury, bismuth, lead, and zinc |
Land use:
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arable land: 6.55%
permanent crops: 0.28%
other: 93.17%
note: Kyrgyzstan has the world's largest natural-growth walnut forest (2005) |
Irrigated land:
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10,196 sq km (2008) |
Total renewable water resources:
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46.5 cu km (1997) |
Total renewable water resources - per capita:
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8,323 cubic meters per capita |
Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):
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total: 10.08 cu km/yr (3%/3%/94%)
per capita: 1,916 cu m/yr (2000) |
Natural hazards:
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NA |
Environment - current issues:
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water pollution; many people get their water directly from contaminated streams and wells; as a result, water-borne diseases are prevalent; increasing soil salinity from faulty irrigation practices |
Environment - international agreements:
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party to: Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
Geography - note:
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landlocked; entirely mountainous, dominated by the Tien Shan range; 94% of the country is 1,000 m above sea level with an average elevation of 2,750 m; many tall peaks, glaciers, and high-altitude lakes |
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