| People | Madagascar |
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Population:
 | 20,042,551 (July 2008 est.) |
Population density:
 | 35 people per sq km land area |
Age structure:
 | 0-14 years: 43.7% (male 4,408,615/female 4,349,862) 15-64 years: 53.2% (male 5,298,805/female 5,371,764) 65 years and over: 3.1% (male 275,087/female 338,418) (2008 est.) |
Median age:
 | total: 17.9 years male: 17.7 years female: 18.1 years (2008 est.) |
Population growth rate:
 | 3.005% (2008 est.) |
Birth rate:
 | 38.38 births/1,000 population (2008 est.) |
Death rate:
 | 8.32 deaths/1,000 population (2008 est.) |
Net migration rate:
 | NA |
Sex ratio:
 | at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.81 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2008 est.) |
Infant mortality rate:
 | total: 55.59 deaths/1,000 live births male: 60.59 deaths/1,000 live births female: 50.45 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.) |
Life expectancy at birth:
 | total population: 62.52 years male: 60.58 years female: 64.51 years (2008 est.) |
Total fertility rate:
 | 5.19 children born/woman (2008 est.) |
Major infectious diseases:
 | degree of risk: very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: chikungunya, malaria, and plague water contact disease: schistosomiasis (2008) |
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
 | 1.7% (2003 est.) |
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
 | 140,000 (2003 est.) |
HIV/AIDS - deaths:
 | 7,500 (2003 est.) |
Nationality:
 | noun: Malagasy (singular and plural) adjective: Malagasy |
Ethnic groups:
 | Malayo-Indonesian (Merina and related Betsileo), Cotiers (mixed African, Malayo-Indonesian, and Arab ancestry - Betsimisaraka, Tsimihety, Antaisaka, Sakalava), French, Indian, Creole, Comoran |
Religions:
 | indigenous beliefs 52%, Christian 41%, Muslim 7% |
Languages:
 | English (official), French (official), Malagasy (official) |
Literacy:
 | definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 68.9% male: 75.5% female: 62.5% (2003 est.) |
People - note:
 | void |
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