| Geography | Nepal |
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Location:
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Southern Asia, between China and India |
Geographic coordinates:
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28 00 N, 84 00 E |
Map references:
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Asia |
Area:
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total: 147,181 sq km
land: 143,181 sq km
water: 4,000 sq km |
Area - comparative:
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slightly larger than Arkansas |
Land boundaries:
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total: 2,926 km
border countries: China 1,236 km, India 1,690 km |
Coastline:
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0 km (landlocked) |
Maritime claims:
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none (landlocked) |
Climate:
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varies from cool summers and severe winters in north to subtropical summers and mild winters in south |
Terrain:
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Tarai or flat river plain of the Ganges in south, central hill region, rugged Himalayas in north |
Elevation extremes:
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lowest point: Kanchan Kalan 70 m
highest point: Mount Everest 8,850 m |
Natural resources:
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quartz, water, timber, hydropower, scenic beauty, small deposits of lignite, copper, cobalt, iron ore |
Land use:
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arable land: 16.07%
permanent crops: 0.85%
other: 83.08% (2005) |
Irrigated land:
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11,700 sq km (2003) |
Total renewable water resources:
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210.2 cu km (1999) |
Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):
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Total: 10.18 cu km/yr (3%/1%/96%)
Per capita: 375 cu m/yr (2000) |
Natural hazards:
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severe thunderstorms, flooding, landslides, drought, and famine depending on the timing, intensity, and duration of the summer monsoons |
Environment - current issues:
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deforestation (overuse of wood for fuel and lack of alternatives); contaminated water (with human and animal wastes, agricultural runoff, and industrial effluents); wildlife conservation; vehicular emissions |
Environment - international agreements:
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party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: Marine Life Conservation |
Geography - note:
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landlocked; strategic location between China and India; contains eight of world's 10 highest peaks, including Mount Everest and Kanchenjunga - the world's tallest and third tallest - on the borders with China and India respectively |
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