| Economy | Nepal |
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Economy - overview:
|
Nepal is among the poorest and least developed countries in the world, with almost one-quarter of its population living below the poverty line. Agriculture is the mainstay of the economy, providing a livelihood for three-fourths of the population and accounting for about one-third of GDP. Industrial activity mainly involves the processing of agricultural products, including pulses, jute, sugarcane, tobacco, and grain. Nepal has considerable scope for exploiting its potential in hydropower, with an estimated 42,000 MW of feasible capacity, but political instability hampers foreign investment. Additional challenges to Nepal's growth include its landlocked geographic location, civil strife and labor unrest, and its susceptibility to natural disaster. |
GDP (purchasing power parity):
|
$37.74 billion (2011 est.)
$36.52 billion (2010 est.)
$34.88 billion (2009 est.)
note: data are in 2011 US dollars |
GDP - per capita (PPP):
|
$1,300 (2011 est.)
$1,300 (2010 est.)
$1,200 (2009 est.)
note: data are in 2011 US dollars |
GDP (official exchange rate):
|
$18.3 billion (2011 est.) |
GDP - real growth rate:
|
3.5% (2011 est.)
4.6% (2010 est.)
4.4% (2009 est.) |
GDP - composition by sector:
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agriculture: 34.9%
industry: 15%
services: 50.1% (2010 est.) |
Investment (gross fixed):
|
3% of GDP (2011 est.) |
Population below poverty line:
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30.9% (2011) |
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
|
lowest 10%: 3.2%
highest 10%: 29.5% (2011) |
Distribution of family income - Gini index:
|
47.2 (2008)
36.7 (1996) |
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
|
7.8% (2011 est.)
10% (2010 est.) |
Central bank discount rate:
|
6% (31 December 2010 est.)
6.5% (31 December 2009 est.) |
Commercial bank prime lending rate:
|
7.5% (31 December 2011 est.)
8% (31 December 2010 est.) |
Stock of money:
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$2.53 billion (31 July 2009)
$2.106 billion (31 December 2008) |
Stock of money - per capita:
|
87 USD per capita |
Stock of quasi money:
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$7.49 billion (1 April 2009)
$6.99 billion (31 December 2008) |
Stock of quasi money - per capita:
|
255 USD per capita |
Stock of domestic credit:
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$9.226 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$8.069 billion (31 December 2010 est.) |
Stock of domestic credit - per capita:
|
314 USD per capita |
Stock of narrow money:
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$3.693 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$3.175 billion (31 December 2010 est.) |
Stock of broad money:
|
$11.88 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$10.34 billion (31 December 2010 est.) |
Labor force:
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18 million
note: severe lack of skilled labor (2009 est.) |
Labor force participation rate:
|
61.24 % of population |
Labor force - by occupation:
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agriculture: 75%
industry: 7%
services: 18% (2010 est.) |
Unemployment rate:
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46% (2008 est.)
42% (2004 est.) |
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24:
|
void |
Budget:
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revenues: $3.9 billion
expenditures: $5.3 billion (FY11) |
Budget revenues per capita:
|
133 USD per capita |
Taxes and other revenues:
|
21.3% of GDP (FY11 est.) |
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-):
|
-7.7% of GDP (FY11 est.) |
Public debt:
|
void |
Industries:
|
tourism, carpets, textiles; small rice, jute, sugar, and oilseed mills; cigarettes, cement and brick production |
Industrial production growth rate:
|
1.4% (FY10) |
Electricity - production:
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3.156 billion kWh (2010 est.) |
Electricity - production per capita:
|
108 kWh per capita |
Electricity - consumption:
|
4.833 billion kWh (2010 est.) |
Electricity - consumption - per capita:
|
165 kWh per capita |
Electricity - exports:
|
0 kWh (2010 est.) |
Electricity - imports:
|
70 million kWh (2010 est.) |
Oil - production:
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0 bbl/day (2010 est.) |
Oil - production per capita:
|
void |
Oil - consumption:
|
20,000 bbl/day (2010 est.) |
Oil - consumption - per capita:
|
0.25 bbl/year per capita |
Oil - exports:
|
0 bbl/day (2010 est.) |
Oil - imports:
|
13,740 bbl/day (2009 est.) |
Oil - proved reserves:
|
0 bbl (1 January 2011 est.) |
Natural gas - production:
|
0 cu m (2010 est.) |
Natural gas - production per capita:
|
void |
Natural gas - consumption:
|
0 cu m (2009 est.) |
Natural gas - consumption - per capita:
|
void |
Natural gas - exports:
|
0 cu m (2010 est.) |
Natural gas - imports:
|
0 cu m (2010 est.) |
Natural gas - proved reserves:
|
0 cu m (1 January 2011 est.) |
Agriculture - products:
|
pulses, rice, corn, wheat, sugarcane, jute, root crops; milk, water buffalo meat |
Current account balance:
|
-$437.9 million (2010 est.)
$537 million (2009 est.) |
Current account balance - per capita:
|
-14 USD per capita |
Exports:
|
$896 million (2011 est.)
$901.9 million (2010 est.) |
Exports per capita:
|
31 USD per capita |
Exports - commodities:
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clothing, pulses, carpets, textiles, juice, pashima, jute goods |
Exports - partners:
|
India 66.4%, US 6.8%, Germany 4.8%, Bangladesh 5.4% (2011) |
Imports:
|
$5.4 billion (2011 est.)
$5.016 billion (2010 est.) |
Imports per capita:
|
184 USD per capita |
Imports - commodities:
|
petroleum products, machinery and equipment, gold, electrical goods, medicine |
Imports - partners:
|
India 65.2%, China 11.5% (2010) |
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
|
void |
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold - per capita:
|
void |
Debt - external:
|
$4.5 billion (2009)
$3.285 billion (2008) |
Debt - external - per capita:
|
154 USD per capita |
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:
|
$NA |
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home - per capita:
|
void |
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:
|
$NA |
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad - per capita:
|
void |
Market value of publicly traded shares:
|
$4.492 billion (31 July 2011 est.)
$4.843 billion (31 December 2010)
$5.485 billion (31 December 2009 est.) |
Market value of publicly traded shares - per capita:
|
153 USD per capita |
Currency (code):
|
Nepalese rupee (NPR) |
Exchange rates:
|
Nepalese rupees (NPR) per US dollar -
83.31 (2011 est.)
73.15 (2010 est.)
77.44 (2009)
65.21 (2008)
70.35 (2007) |
Fiscal year:
|
16 July - 15 July |
|
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