| Geography | Niger |
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Location:
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Western Africa, southeast of Algeria |
Geographic coordinates:
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16 00 N, 8 00 E |
Map references:
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Africa |
Area:
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total: 1.267 million sq km
land: 1,266,700 sq km
water: 300 sq km |
Area - comparative:
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slightly less than twice the size of Texas |
Land boundaries:
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total: 5,697 km
border countries: Algeria 956 km, Benin 266 km, Burkina Faso 628 km, Chad 1,175 km, Libya 354 km, Mali 821 km, Nigeria 1,497 km |
Coastline:
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0 km (landlocked) |
Maritime claims:
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none (landlocked) |
Climate:
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desert; mostly hot, dry, dusty; tropical in extreme south |
Terrain:
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predominately desert plains and sand dunes; flat to rolling plains in south; hills in north |
Elevation extremes:
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lowest point: Niger River 200 m
highest point: Mont Bagzane 2,022 m |
Natural resources:
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uranium, coal, iron ore, tin, phosphates, gold, molybdenum, gypsum, salt, petroleum |
Land use:
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arable land: 11.43%
permanent crops: 0.01%
other: 88.56% (2005) |
Irrigated land:
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730 sq km (2003) |
Total renewable water resources:
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33.7 cu km (2003) |
Total renewable water resources - per capita:
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2,202 cubic meters per capita |
Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):
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Total: 2.18 cu km/yr (4%/0%/95%)
Per capita: 156 cu m/yr (2000) |
Natural hazards:
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recurring droughts |
Environment - current issues:
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overgrazing; soil erosion; deforestation; desertification; wildlife populations (such as elephant, hippopotamus, giraffe, and lion) threatened because of poaching and habitat destruction |
Environment - international agreements:
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party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea |
Geography - note:
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landlocked; one of the hottest countries in the world; northern four-fifths is desert, southern one-fifth is savanna, suitable for livestock and limited agriculture |
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