| Geography | Serbia |
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Location:
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Southeastern Europe, between Macedonia and Hungary |
Geographic coordinates:
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44 00 N, 21 00 E |
Map references:
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Europe |
Area:
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total: 77,474 sq km
land: 77,474 sq km
water: 0 sq km |
Area - comparative:
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slightly smaller than South Carolina |
Land boundaries:
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total: 2,026 km
border countries: Bosnia and Herzegovina 302 km, Bulgaria 318 km, Croatia 241 km, Hungary 151 km, Kosovo 352 km, Macedonia 62 km, Montenegro 124 km, Romania 476 km |
Coastline:
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0 km (landlocked) |
Maritime claims:
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none (landlocked) |
Climate:
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in the north, continental climate (cold winters and hot, humid summers with well distributed rainfall); in other parts, continental and Mediterranean climate (relatively cold winters with heavy snowfall and hot, dry summers and autumns) |
Terrain:
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extremely varied; to the north, rich fertile plains; to the east, limestone ranges and basins; to the southeast, ancient mountains and hills |
Elevation extremes:
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lowest point: Danube and Timok Rivers 35 m
highest point: Midzor 2,169 m |
Natural resources:
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oil, gas, coal, iron ore, copper, zinc, antimony, chromite, gold, silver, magnesium, pyrite, limestone, marble, salt, arable land |
Land use:
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arable land: NA
permanent crops: NA
other: NA |
Irrigated land:
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890 sq km (2008) |
Total renewable water resources:
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208.5 cu km (note - includes Kosovo) (2003) |
Total renewable water resources - per capita:
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28,521 cubic meters per capita |
Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):
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void |
Natural hazards:
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destructive earthquakes |
Environment - current issues:
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air pollution around Belgrade and other industrial cities; water pollution from industrial wastes dumped into the Sava which flows into the Danube |
Environment - international agreements:
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party to: Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
Geography - note:
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controls one of the major land routes from Western Europe to Turkey and the Near East |
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