| Economy | Slovenia |
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Economy - overview:
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Slovenia became the first 2004 European Union entrant to adopt the euro (on 1 January 2007) and has experienced one of the most stable political and economic transitions in Central and Southeastern Europe. With the highest per capita GDP in Central Europe, Slovenia has excellent infrastructure, a well-educated work force, and a strategic location between the Balkans and Western Europe. Privatization has lagged since 2002, and the economy has one of highest levels of state control in the EU. Structural reforms to improve the business environment have allowed for somewhat greater foreign participation in Slovenia's economy and have helped to lower unemployment. In March 2004, Slovenia became the first transition country to graduate from borrower status to donor partner at the World Bank. In December 2007, Slovenia was invited to begin the accession process for joining the OECD. Despite its economic success, foreign direct investment (FDI) in Slovenia has lagged behind the region average, and taxes remain relatively high. Furthermore, the labor market is often seen as inflexible, and legacy industries are losing sales to more competitive firms in China, India, and elsewhere. In 2009, the world recession caused the economy to contract - through falling exports and industrial production - by 8%, and unemployment to rise. Although growth resumed in 2010, the unemployment rate continued to rise, approaching 11% in 2011. |
GDP (purchasing power parity):
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$58.56 billion (2011 est.)
$57.92 billion (2010 est.)
$57.12 billion (2009 est.)
note: data are in 2011 US dollars |
GDP - per capita (PPP):
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$29,100 (2011 est.)
$28,600 (2010 est.)
$28,300 (2009 est.)
note: data are in 2011 US dollars |
GDP (official exchange rate):
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$52.4 billion (2011 est.) |
GDP - real growth rate:
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1.1% (2011 est.)
1.4% (2010 est.)
-8% (2009 est.) |
GDP - composition by sector:
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agriculture: 2.4%
industry: 31.4%
services: 66.2% (2011 est.) |
Investment (gross fixed):
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23.4% of GDP (2011 est.) |
Population below poverty line:
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12.3% (2008) |
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
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lowest 10%: 3.4%
highest 10%: 24.6% (2004) |
Distribution of family income - Gini index:
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28.4 (2008)
23.8 (2004) |
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
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1.9% (2011 est.)
1.8% (2010 est.) |
Central bank discount rate:
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1.75% (31 December 2010)
1.75% (31 December 2009)
note: this is the European Central Bank's rate on the marginal lending facility, which offers overnight credit to banks in the euro area |
Commercial bank prime lending rate:
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5.9% (31 December 2011 est.)
5.681% (31 December 2010 est.) |
Stock of money:
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$10.5 billion (30 September 2009)
$9.347 billion (31 December 2006)
note: the figure for 2006 represents the US dollar value of tolars in circulation prior to Slovenia joining the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU); see entry for the European Union for money supply in the euro area; the European Central Bank (ECB) controls monetary policy for the 16 members of the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU); individual members of the EMU do not control the quantity of money and quasi money circulating within their own borders |
Stock of money - per capita:
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5,250 USD per capita |
Stock of quasi money:
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$15.9 billion (30 September 2009)
$12.69 billion (31 December 2006) |
Stock of quasi money - per capita:
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7,950 USD per capita |
Stock of domestic credit:
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$55.32 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$50.74 billion (31 December 2010 est.) |
Stock of domestic credit - per capita:
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27,659 USD per capita |
Stock of narrow money:
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$11.95 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$11.28 billion (31 December 2010 est.)
note: see entry for the European Union for money supply in the euro area; the European Central Bank (ECB) controls monetary policy for the 17 members of the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU); individual members of the EMU do not control the quantity of money circulating within their own borders |
Stock of broad money:
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$27.52 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$25.57 billion (31 December 2010 est.) |
Labor force:
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938,700 (2011 est.) |
Labor force participation rate:
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46.93 % of population |
Labor force - by occupation:
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agriculture: 2.2%
industry: 35%
services: 62.8% (2009) |
Unemployment rate:
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10.8% (2011 est.)
10.7% (2010 est.) |
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24:
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total: 13.6%
male: 13.8%
female: 13.4% (2009) |
Budget:
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revenues: $21.53 billion
expenditures: $24.2 billion (2011 est.) |
Budget revenues per capita:
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10,765 USD per capita |
Taxes and other revenues:
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41.1% of GDP (2011 est.) |
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-):
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-5.1% of GDP (2011 est.) |
Public debt:
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45.5% of GDP (2011 est.)
38.8% of GDP (2010 est.) |
Industries:
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ferrous metallurgy and aluminum products, lead and zinc smelting; electronics (including military electronics), trucks, automobiles, electric power equipment, wood products, textiles, chemicals, machine tools |
Industrial production growth rate:
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4.5% (2011 est.) |
Electricity - production:
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13 billion kWh (2009 est.) |
Electricity - production per capita:
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6,500 kWh per capita |
Electricity - consumption:
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14.7 billion kWh (2009 est.) |
Electricity - consumption - per capita:
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7,350 kWh per capita |
Electricity - exports:
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9.197 billion kWh (2009 est.) |
Electricity - imports:
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3.041 billion kWh (2009 est.) |
Oil - production:
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5 bbl/day (2010 est.) |
Oil - production per capita:
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3 bbl/day per capita |
Oil - consumption:
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63,000 bbl/day (2010 est.) |
Oil - consumption - per capita:
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11.50 bbl/year per capita |
Oil - exports:
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8,958 bbl/day (2009 est.) |
Oil - imports:
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60,270 bbl/day (2009 est.) |
Oil - proved reserves:
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0 bbl (1 January 2011 est.) |
Natural gas - production:
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0 cu m (2009 est.) |
Natural gas - production per capita:
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void |
Natural gas - consumption:
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890 million cu m (2009 est.) |
Natural gas - consumption - per capita:
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445 cu m per capita |
Natural gas - exports:
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0 cu m (2009 est.) |
Natural gas - imports:
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890 million cu m (2009 est.) |
Natural gas - proved reserves:
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0 cu m (1 January 2011 est.) |
Agriculture - products:
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potatoes, hops, wheat, sugar beets, corn, grapes; cattle, sheep, poultry |
Current account balance:
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-$764.9 million (2011 est.)
-$394.3 million (2010 est.) |
Current account balance - per capita:
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-382 USD per capita |
Exports:
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$28.96 billion (2011 est.)
$24.39 billion (2010 est.) |
Exports per capita:
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14,480 USD per capita |
Exports - commodities:
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manufactured goods, machinery and transport equipment, chemicals, food |
Exports - partners:
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Germany 19.2%, Italy 12.5%, Austria 7.4%, France 6.8%, Croatia 6.4%, Hungary 4.4% (2010) |
Imports:
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$31.09 billion (2011 est.)
$25.99 billion (2010 est.) |
Imports per capita:
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15,545 USD per capita |
Imports - commodities:
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machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, chemicals, fuels and lubricants, food |
Imports - partners:
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Germany 16.2%, Italy 15.5%, Austria 10.6%, France 4.8%, Croatia 4.6%, China 4.1% (2010) |
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
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$1.248 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$1.108 billion (31 December 2010 est.) |
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold - per capita:
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624 USD per capita |
Debt - external:
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$61.23 billion (30 June 2011)
$51.57 billion (30 June 2010) |
Debt - external - per capita:
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30,614 USD per capita |
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:
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$15.92 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$15.02 billion (31 December 2010 est.) |
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home - per capita:
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7,960 USD per capita |
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:
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$8.503 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$7.603 billion (31 December 2010 est.) |
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad - per capita:
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4,252 USD per capita |
Market value of publicly traded shares:
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$9.428 billion (31 December 2010)
$11.77 billion (31 December 2009)
$11.77 billion (31 December 2008) |
Market value of publicly traded shares - per capita:
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4,714 USD per capita |
Currency (code):
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euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 2007, the euro became Slovenia's currency; both the tolar and the euro were in circulation from 1 January until 15 January 2007 |
Exchange rates:
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euros (EUR) per US dollar -
0.7107 (2011 est.)
0.755 (2010 est.)
0.7198 (2009 est.)
0.6827 (2008 est.)
0.7345 (2007 est.) |
Fiscal year:
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calendar year |
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