| Economy | Tajikistan |
 = Fields  = World Records  = Dictionary  = Bar graph  = Distribution map  = Fields History  = Definitions |
Economy - overview:
|
Tajikistan has one of the lowest per capita GDPs among the 15 former Soviet republics. Because of a lack of employment opportunities in Tajikistan, as many as a million Tajik citizens work abroad, almost all of them in Russia, supporting families in Tajikistan through remittances. Less than 7% of the land area is arable. Cotton is the most important crop, and its production is closely monitored, and in many cases controlled, by the government. In the wake of the National Bank of Tajikistan's admission in December 2007 that it had improperly lent money to investors in the cotton sector, the IMF canceled its program in Tajikistan. A reform agenda is underway, according to which over half a billion dollars in farmer debt is being forgiven, and IMF assistance has been reinstated. Mineral resources include silver, gold, uranium, and tungsten. Industry consists only of a large aluminum plant, hydropower facilities, and small obsolete factories mostly in light industry and food processing. The civil war (1992-97) severely damaged the already weak economic infrastructure and caused a sharp decline in industrial and agricultural production. Tajikistan's economic situation remains fragile due to uneven implementation of structural reforms, corruption, weak governance, seasonal power shortages, and the external debt burden. Electricity output expanded with the completion of the Sangtuda I hydropower dam - finished in 2009 with Russian investment. The smaller Sangtuda-2, built with Iranian investment, began operating in 2011. The government of Tajikistan is pinning major hopes on the massive Roghun dam which, if finished according to Tajik plans, will be the tallest dam in the world and significantly expand electricity output. The World Bank has agreed to fund technical, economic, social, and environmental feasibility studies for the dam, scheduled to be completed in 2012. In January 2010, the government began selling shares in the Roghun enterprise to its population, ultimately raising over $180 million but Tajikistan will still need significant investment to complete the dam. According to numerous reports, many Tajik individuals and businesses were forced to buy shares. The coerced share sales finally ended in mid-2010 under intense criticism from donors, particularly the IMF. Food and fuel prices in 2011 increased to the highest levels seen since 2002 due in part to an increase in rail transport tariffs through Uzbekistan. Tajikistan imports approximately 60% of its food and 90% of that comes by rail. |
GDP (purchasing power parity):
|
$16.01 billion (2011 est.)
$15.1 billion (2010 est.)
$14.18 billion (2009 est.)
note: data are in 2011 US dollars |
GDP - per capita (PPP):
|
$2,000 (2011 est.)
$2,000 (2010 est.)
$1,900 (2009 est.)
note: data are in 2011 US dollars |
GDP (official exchange rate):
|
$6.8 billion (2011 est.) |
GDP - real growth rate:
|
6% (2011 est.)
6.5% (2010 est.)
3.9% (2009 est.) |
GDP - composition by sector:
|
agriculture: 18.1%
industry: 22.4%
services: 59.4% (2011 est.) |
Investment (gross fixed):
|
20.6% of GDP (2011 est.) |
Population below poverty line:
|
53% (2009 est.) |
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
|
lowest 10%: 3.3%
highest 10%: 25.6% (2007 est.) |
Distribution of family income - Gini index:
|
32.6 (2006)
34.7 (1998) |
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
|
14.3% (2011 est.)
6.4% (2010 est.) |
Central bank discount rate:
|
5% (31 December 2010 est.)
8% (31 December 2009 est.) |
Commercial bank prime lending rate:
|
20% (31 December 2011 est.)
21.73% (31 December 2010 est.) |
Stock of money:
|
$656.1 million (31 December 2008)
$643.5 million (31 December 2007) |
Stock of money - per capita:
|
87 USD per capita |
Stock of quasi money:
|
$235.3 million (31 December 2008)
$278.3 million (31 December 2007) |
Stock of quasi money - per capita:
|
31 USD per capita |
Stock of domestic credit:
|
$1.043 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$931.2 million (31 December 2010 est.) |
Stock of domestic credit - per capita:
|
137 USD per capita |
Stock of narrow money:
|
$1.022 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$882.4 million (31 December 2010 est.) |
Stock of broad money:
|
$1.37 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$1.2 billion (31 December 2010 est.) |
Labor force:
|
2.1 million (2009) |
Labor force participation rate:
|
27.53 % of population |
Labor force - by occupation:
|
agriculture: 49.8%
industry: 12.8%
services: 37.4% (2009 est.) |
Unemployment rate:
|
2.2% (2009 est.)
2.3% (2008 est.)
note: official rates; actual unemployment is much higher |
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24:
|
void |
Budget:
|
revenues: $1.739 billion
expenditures: $1.783 billion (2011 est.) |
Budget revenues per capita:
|
228 USD per capita |
Taxes and other revenues:
|
25.6% of GDP (2011 est.) |
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-):
|
-0.6% of GDP (2011 est.) |
Public debt:
|
void |
Industries:
|
aluminum, cement, vegetable oil |
Industrial production growth rate:
|
7.5% (2010 est.) |
Electricity - production:
|
16.1 billion kWh (2009 est.) |
Electricity - production per capita:
|
2,111 kWh per capita |
Electricity - consumption:
|
16.7 billion kWh (2009) |
Electricity - consumption - per capita:
|
2,190 kWh per capita |
Electricity - exports:
|
4.421 billion kWh (2008 est.) |
Electricity - imports:
|
338.5 million kWh (2010 est.) |
Oil - production:
|
219.9 bbl/day (2010 est.) |
Oil - production per capita:
|
29 bbl/day per capita |
Oil - consumption:
|
40,000 bbl/day (2010 est.) |
Oil - consumption - per capita:
|
1.91 bbl/year per capita |
Oil - exports:
|
405.4 bbl/day (2009 est.) |
Oil - imports:
|
39,400 bbl/day (2009 est.) |
Oil - proved reserves:
|
12 million bbl (1 January 2011 est.) |
Natural gas - production:
|
38 million cu m (2009 est.) |
Natural gas - production per capita:
|
5 cu m per capita |
Natural gas - consumption:
|
227 million cu m (2009 est.) |
Natural gas - consumption - per capita:
|
30 cu m per capita |
Natural gas - exports:
|
0 cu m (2009 est.) |
Natural gas - imports:
|
189 million cu m (2009 est.) |
Natural gas - proved reserves:
|
5.663 billion cu m (1 January 2011 est.) |
Agriculture - products:
|
cotton, grain, fruits, grapes, vegetables; cattle, sheep, goats |
Current account balance:
|
-$660.8 million (2011 est.)
-$381.1 million (2010 est.) |
Current account balance - per capita:
|
-86 USD per capita |
Exports:
|
$1.764 billion (2011 est.)
$1.303 billion (2010 est.) |
Exports per capita:
|
232 USD per capita |
Exports - commodities:
|
aluminum, electricity, cotton, fruits, vegetable oil, textiles |
Exports - partners:
|
Turkey 28.4%, Russia 14.4%, Uzbekistan 10%, Iran 6.2%, China 5.6%, Norway 4.5% (2010) |
Imports:
|
$3.906 billion (2011 est.)
$2.936 billion (2010 est.) |
Imports per capita:
|
513 USD per capita |
Imports - commodities:
|
petroleum products, aluminum oxide, machinery and equipment, foodstuffs |
Imports - partners:
|
China 35.3%, Russia 23.5%, Kazakhstan 8.3% (2010) |
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
|
$521.6 million (31 December 2011 est.)
$506 million (31 December 2010 est.) |
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold - per capita:
|
69 USD per capita |
Debt - external:
|
$2.202 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$1.988 billion (31 December 2010 est.) |
Debt - external - per capita:
|
289 USD per capita |
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:
|
$100.3 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
$93.05 billion (31 December 2008 est.) |
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home - per capita:
|
13,151 USD per capita |
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:
|
$18.5 billion (31 December 2010 est.)
$16.3 billion (31 December 2009 est.) |
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad - per capita:
|
2,426 USD per capita |
Market value of publicly traded shares:
|
$NA |
Market value of publicly traded shares - per capita:
|
void |
Currency (code):
|
somoni (TJS) |
Exchange rates:
|
Tajikistani somoni (TJS) per US dollar -
4.544 (2011 est.)
4.379 (2010 est.)
4.1428 (2009)
3.4563 (2008)
3.4418 (2007) |
Fiscal year:
|
calendar year |
|
= Fields = World Records = Dictionary = Bar graph = Distribution map = Fields History = Definitions |
|
Home 
Geographic Names
Chiefs of State
Intl. Organizations
Intl. Environmental Agree.
Other References
