| Economy | Thailand |
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Economy - overview:
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With a well-developed infrastructure, a free-enterprise economy, generally pro-investment policies, and strong export industries, Thailand enjoyed solid growth from 2000 to 2007 - averaging more than 4% per year - as it recovered from the Asian financial crisis of 1997-98. Thai exports - mostly machinery and electronic components, agricultural commodities, and jewelry - continue to drive the economy, accounting for more than half of GDP. The global financial crisis of 2008-09 severely cut Thailand's exports, with most sectors experiencing double-digit drops. In 2009, the economy contracted 2.4%. In 2010, Thailand's economy expanded 7.8%, its fastest pace since 1995, as exports rebounded from their depressed 2009 level. Steady economic growth at just below 4% for most of 2011 was interrupted by historic flooding in October and November in the industrial areas north of Bangkok, crippling the manufacturing sector and leading to a revised growth rate of 1.5% for the year. The industrial sector is poised to recover however, and the economy will probably grow between 4 and 5%. |
GDP (purchasing power parity):
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$609.8 billion (2011 est.)
$600.8 billion (2010 est.)
$557.4 billion (2009 est.)
note: data are in 2011 US dollars |
GDP - per capita (PPP):
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$9,700 (2011 est.)
$9,400 (2010 est.)
$8,800 (2009 est.)
note: data are in 2011 US dollars |
GDP (official exchange rate):
|
$339.4 billion (2011 est.) |
GDP - real growth rate:
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1.5% (2011 est.)
7.8% (2010 est.)
-2.4% (2009 est.) |
GDP - composition by sector:
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agriculture: 12.2%
industry: 45.3%
services: 42.5% (2011 est.) |
Investment (gross fixed):
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26.9% of GDP (2011 est.) |
Population below poverty line:
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9.6% (2006 est.) |
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
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lowest 10%: 1.6%
highest 10%: 42.6% (2009) |
Distribution of family income - Gini index:
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53.6 (2009)
42 (2002) |
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
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4.1% (2011 est.)
3.3% (2010 est.) |
Central bank discount rate:
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7.58% (31 December 2010 est.)
1.75% (31 December 2009 est.) |
Commercial bank prime lending rate:
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6.9% (31 December 2011 est.)
5.935% (31 December 2010 est.) |
Stock of money:
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$35.35 billion (31 December 2009)
$28.76 billion (31 December 2008) |
Stock of money - per capita:
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530 USD per capita |
Stock of quasi money:
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$283.6 billion (31 December 2009)
$237.5 billion (31 December 2008) |
Stock of quasi money - per capita:
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4,251 USD per capita |
Stock of domestic credit:
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$418.2 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$365.5 billion (31 December 2010 est.) |
Stock of domestic credit - per capita:
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6,268 USD per capita |
Stock of narrow money:
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$47 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$43.2 billion (31 December 2010 est.) |
Stock of broad money:
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$448.7 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$390.6 billion (31 December 2010 est.) |
Labor force:
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39.28 million (2011 est.) |
Labor force participation rate:
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58.87 % of population |
Labor force - by occupation:
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agriculture: 42.4%
industry: 19.7%
services: 37.9% (2008 est.) |
Unemployment rate:
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1% (2011 est.)
1% (2010 est.) |
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24:
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total: 4.3%
male: 3.7%
female: 5.1% (2009) |
Budget:
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revenues: $65.21 billion
expenditures: $74.99 billion (2011 est.) |
Budget revenues per capita:
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978 USD per capita |
Taxes and other revenues:
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19.2% of GDP (2011 est.) |
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-):
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-2.9% of GDP (2011 est.) |
Public debt:
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45.6% of GDP (2011 est.)
43.1% of GDP (2010 est.)
note: data cover general Government Debt, and includes debt instruments issued (or owned) by Government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intra-governmental debt; intra-governmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment. Debt instruments for the social funds are sold at public auctions. |
Industries:
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tourism, textiles and garments, agricultural processing, beverages, tobacco, cement, light manufacturing such as jewelry and electric appliances, computers and parts, integrated circuits, furniture, plastics, automobiles and automotive parts; world's second-largest tungsten producer and third-largest tin producer |
Industrial production growth rate:
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5.2% (2011 est.) |
Electricity - production:
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139 billion kWh (2008 est.) |
Electricity - production per capita:
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2,084 kWh per capita |
Electricity - consumption:
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131.6 billion kWh (2008 est.) |
Electricity - consumption - per capita:
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1,973 kWh per capita |
Electricity - exports:
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1.979 billion kWh (2009 est.) |
Electricity - imports:
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2.313 billion kWh (2009 est.) |
Oil - production:
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406,800 bbl/day (2010 est.) |
Oil - production per capita:
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6,098 bbl/day per capita |
Oil - consumption:
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988,000 bbl/day (2010 est.) |
Oil - consumption - per capita:
|
5.40 bbl/year per capita |
Oil - exports:
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269,100 bbl/day (2009 est.) |
Oil - imports:
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807,100 bbl/day (2009 est.) |
Oil - proved reserves:
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435 million bbl (1 January 2011 est.) |
Natural gas - production:
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30.88 billion cu m (2009 est.) |
Natural gas - production per capita:
|
463 cu m per capita |
Natural gas - consumption:
|
39.17 billion cu m (2009 est.) |
Natural gas - consumption - per capita:
|
588 cu m per capita |
Natural gas - exports:
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0 cu m (2009 est.) |
Natural gas - imports:
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8.29 billion cu m (2009 est.) |
Natural gas - proved reserves:
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312.2 billion cu m (1 January 2011 est.) |
Agriculture - products:
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rice, cassava (tapioca), rubber, corn, sugarcane, coconuts, soybeans |
Current account balance:
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$12.68 billion (2011 est.)
$14.7 billion (2010 est.) |
Current account balance - per capita:
|
191 USD per capita |
Exports:
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$244.4 billion (2011 est.)
$193.5 billion (2010 est.) |
Exports per capita:
|
3,664 USD per capita |
Exports - commodities:
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textiles and footwear, fishery products, rice, rubber, jewelry, automobiles, computers and electrical appliances |
Exports - partners:
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China 11%, Japan 10.5%, US 10.4%, Hong Kong 6.7%, Malaysia 5.4%, Australia 4.8%, Singapore 4.6% (2010) |
Imports:
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$214.6 billion (2011 est.)
$161.3 billion (2010 est.) |
Imports per capita:
|
3,217 USD per capita |
Imports - commodities:
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capital goods, intermediate goods and raw materials, consumer goods, fuels |
Imports - partners:
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Japan 20.8%, China 13.3%, US 5.9%, Malaysia 5.9%, UAE 4.7%, South Korea 4.4% (2010) |
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
|
$202.2 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$172.1 billion (31 December 2010 est.) |
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold - per capita:
|
3,031 USD per capita |
Debt - external:
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$84.16 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$74.05 billion (31 December 2010 est.) |
Debt - external - per capita:
|
1,262 USD per capita |
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:
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$119.5 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$115.9 billion (31 December 2010 est.) |
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home - per capita:
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1,792 USD per capita |
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:
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$29.79 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$23.45 billion (31 December 2010 est.) |
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad - per capita:
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447 USD per capita |
Market value of publicly traded shares:
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$277.7 billion (31 December 2010)
$138.2 billion (31 December 2009)
$102.6 billion (31 December 2008) |
Market value of publicly traded shares - per capita:
|
4,163 USD per capita |
Currency (code):
|
baht (THB) |
Exchange rates:
|
baht per US dollar -
30.18 (2011 est.)
31.686 (2010 est.)
34.286 (2009)
33.37 (2008)
34.52 (2007) |
Fiscal year:
|
1 October - 30 September |
|
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