| Geography | Tunisia |
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Location:
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Northern Africa, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Algeria and Libya |
Geographic coordinates:
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34 00 N, 9 00 E |
Map references:
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Africa |
Area:
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total: 163,610 sq km
land: 155,360 sq km
water: 8,250 sq km |
Area - comparative:
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slightly larger than Georgia |
Land boundaries:
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total: 1,424 km
border countries: Algeria 965 km, Libya 459 km |
Coastline:
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1,148 km |
Maritime claims:
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territorial sea: 12 nm
contiguous zone: 24 nm
exclusive economic zone: 12 nm |
Climate:
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temperate in north with mild, rainy winters and hot, dry summers; desert in south |
Terrain:
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mountains in north; hot, dry central plain; semiarid south merges into the Sahara |
Elevation extremes:
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lowest point: Shatt al Gharsah -17 m
highest point: Jebel ech Chambi 1,544 m |
Natural resources:
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petroleum, phosphates, iron ore, lead, zinc, salt |
Land use:
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arable land: 17.05%
permanent crops: 13.08%
other: 69.87% (2005) |
Irrigated land:
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4,450 sq km (2008) |
Total renewable water resources:
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4.6 cu km (2003) |
Total renewable water resources - per capita:
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433 cubic meters per capita |
Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):
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total: 2.64 cu km/yr (14%/4%/82%)
per capita: 261 cu m/yr (2000) |
Natural hazards:
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NA |
Environment - current issues:
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toxic and hazardous waste disposal is ineffective and poses health risks; water pollution from raw sewage; limited natural freshwater resources; deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion; desertification |
Environment - international agreements:
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party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: Marine Life Conservation |
Geography - note:
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strategic location in central Mediterranean; Malta and Tunisia are discussing the commercial exploitation of the continental shelf between their countries, particularly for oil exploration |
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