| Economy | Tunisia |
 = Fields  = World Records  = Dictionary  = Bar graph  = Distribution map  = Fields History  = Definitions |
Economy - overview:
|
Tunisia has a diverse, market-oriented economy, with important agricultural, mining, tourism, and manufacturing sectors but faces an array of challenges. Following an ill-fated experiment wih socialist economic policies in the 1960s, Tunisia successfully focused on bolstering exports, foreign investment, and tourism. Key exports now inclulde textiles and apparel, food products, petroleum products, chemicals, and phosphates, with about 80% going to the European Union. Tunisia achieved four decades of 4-5% annual GDP growth. As the presidency wore on, ronyism and corruption under former President Zine el Abidine BEN ALI (1987-2011) stymied economic performance and unemployment rose among the university's graduates. In January 2011 BEN ALI was overthrown, sending Tunisia's economy into a tailspin. The country's newly elected government faces immediate challenges stabilizing the economy. It must reassure businesses and investors, bring budget and current account deficits under control, shore up the country's financial system, bring down high unemployment, and reduce economic disparities between the more developed coastal region and impoverished interior. |
GDP (purchasing power parity):
|
$101.7 billion (2011 est.)
$101.7 billion (2010 est.)
$98.63 billion (2009 est.)
note: data are in 2011 US dollars |
GDP - per capita (PPP):
|
$9,500 (2011 est.)
$9,600 (2010 est.)
$9,500 (2009 est.)
note: data are in 2011 US dollars |
GDP (official exchange rate):
|
$48.9 billion (2011 est.) |
GDP - real growth rate:
|
0% (2011 est.)
3.1% (2010 est.)
3.1% (2009 est.) |
GDP - composition by sector:
|
agriculture: 10.6%
industry: 34.6%
services: 54.8% (2010 est.) |
Investment (gross fixed):
|
25.2% of GDP (2011 est.) |
Population below poverty line:
|
3.8% (2005 est.) |
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
|
lowest 10%: 2.3%
highest 10%: 31.5% (2000) |
Distribution of family income - Gini index:
|
40 (2005 est.)
41.7 (1995 est.) |
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
|
3.7% (2011 est.)
4.4% (2010 est.) |
Central bank discount rate:
|
5.75% (31 December 2010 est.)
NA% (31 December 2009 est.) |
Commercial bank prime lending rate:
|
NA% (31 December 2011)
7.305% (31 December 2010 est.) |
Stock of money:
|
$10.07 billion (31 December 2009)
$9.917 billion (31 December 2008) |
Stock of money - per capita:
|
948 USD per capita |
Stock of quasi money:
|
$16.55 billion (31 December 2009)
$14.72 billion (31 December 2008) |
Stock of quasi money - per capita:
|
1,558 USD per capita |
Stock of domestic credit:
|
$34.43 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$31.03 billion (31 December 2010 est.) |
Stock of domestic credit - per capita:
|
3,240 USD per capita |
Stock of narrow money:
|
$13.77 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$11.44 billion (31 December 2010 est.) |
Stock of broad money:
|
$31.48 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$28.11 billion (31 December 2010 est.) |
Labor force:
|
3.904 million (2011 est.) |
Labor force participation rate:
|
36.73 % of population |
Labor force - by occupation:
|
agriculture: 18.3%
industry: 31.9%
services: 49.8% (2009 est.) |
Unemployment rate:
|
16% (2011 est.)
13% (2010 est.) |
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24:
|
total: 30.7%
male: 31.4%
female: 29.3% (2005) |
Budget:
|
revenues: $10.39 billion
expenditures: $14.57 billion (2011 est.) |
Budget revenues per capita:
|
978 USD per capita |
Taxes and other revenues:
|
21.3% of GDP (2011 est.) |
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-):
|
-8.5% of GDP (2011 est.) |
Public debt:
|
51.8% of GDP (2011 est.)
48% of GDP (2010 est.) |
Industries:
|
petroleum, mining (particularly phosphate and iron ore), tourism, textiles, footwear, agribusiness, beverages |
Industrial production growth rate:
|
0% (2011 est.) |
Electricity - production:
|
14.4 billion kWh (2008 est.) |
Electricity - production per capita:
|
1,355 kWh per capita |
Electricity - consumption:
|
12.49 billion kWh (2008 est.) |
Electricity - consumption - per capita:
|
1,176 kWh per capita |
Electricity - exports:
|
129 million kWh (2008 est.) |
Electricity - imports:
|
7 million kWh (2008 est.) |
Oil - production:
|
83,720 bbl/day (2010 est.) |
Oil - production per capita:
|
7,877 bbl/day per capita |
Oil - consumption:
|
84,000 bbl/day (2010 est.) |
Oil - consumption - per capita:
|
2.88 bbl/year per capita |
Oil - exports:
|
91,200 bbl/day (2009 est.) |
Oil - imports:
|
78,460 bbl/day (2009 est.) |
Oil - proved reserves:
|
425 million bbl (1 January 2011 est.) |
Natural gas - production:
|
3.6 billion cu m (2009 est.) |
Natural gas - production per capita:
|
339 cu m per capita |
Natural gas - consumption:
|
4.85 billion cu m (2009 est.) |
Natural gas - consumption - per capita:
|
457 cu m per capita |
Natural gas - exports:
|
0 cu m (2009 est.) |
Natural gas - imports:
|
1.25 billion cu m (2009 est.) |
Natural gas - proved reserves:
|
65.13 billion cu m (1 January 2011 est.) |
Agriculture - products:
|
olives, olive oil, grain, tomatoes, citrus fruit, sugar beets, dates, almonds; beef, dairy products |
Current account balance:
|
-$4.576 billion (2011 est.)
-$2.104 billion (2010 est.) |
Current account balance - per capita:
|
-430 USD per capita |
Exports:
|
$17.86 billion (2011 est.)
$16.43 billion (2010 est.) |
Exports per capita:
|
1,681 USD per capita |
Exports - commodities:
|
clothing, semi-finished goods and textiles, agricultural products, mechanical goods, phosphates and chemicals, hydrocarbons, electrical equipment |
Exports - partners:
|
France 26.5%, Italy 17.4%, Germany 9.6%, Libya 6.2%, UK 5.6%, Spain 4.2% (2010) |
Imports:
|
$23.4 billion (2011 est.)
$21.01 billion (2010 est.) |
Imports per capita:
|
2,202 USD per capita |
Imports - commodities:
|
textiles, machinery and equipment, hydrocarbons, chemicals, foodstuffs |
Imports - partners:
|
France 20.4%, Italy 20.2%, Germany 9.1%, Spain 5.2%, China 4.5% (2010) |
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
|
$8.9 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$9.462 billion (31 December 2010 est.) |
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold - per capita:
|
838 USD per capita |
Debt - external:
|
$25.27 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$21.47 billion (31 December 2010 est.) |
Debt - external - per capita:
|
2,378 USD per capita |
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:
|
$32.51 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$31.41 billion (31 December 2010 est.) |
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home - per capita:
|
3,059 USD per capita |
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:
|
$310 million (31 December 2011 est.)
$285 million (31 December 2010 est.) |
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad - per capita:
|
30 USD per capita |
Market value of publicly traded shares:
|
$10.68 billion (31 December 2010)
$9.12 billion (31 December 2009)
$6.374 billion (31 December 2008) |
Market value of publicly traded shares - per capita:
|
1,005 USD per capita |
Currency (code):
|
Tunisian dinar (TND) |
Exchange rates:
|
Tunisian dinars (TND) per US dollar -
1.397 (2011 est.)
1.4314 (2010 est.)
1.3503 (2009)
1.211 (2008)
1.2776 (2007) |
Fiscal year:
|
calendar year |
|
= Fields = World Records = Dictionary = Bar graph = Distribution map = Fields History = Definitions |
|
Home 
Geographic Names
Chiefs of State
Intl. Organizations
Intl. Environmental Agree.
Other References
