| Economy | Uganda |
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Economy - overview:
|
Uganda has substantial natural resources, including fertile soils, regular rainfall, small deposits of copper, gold, and other minerals, and recently discovered oil. Uganda has never conducted a national minerals survey. Agriculture is the most important sector of the economy, employing over 80% of the work force. Coffee accounts for the bulk of export revenues. Since 1986, the government - with the support of foreign countries and international agencies - has acted to rehabilitate and stabilize the economy by undertaking currency reform, raising producer prices on export crops, increasing prices of petroleum products, and improving civil service wages. The policy changes are especially aimed at dampening inflation and boosting production and export earnings. Since 1990 economic reforms ushered in an era of solid economic growth based on continued investment in infrastructure, improved incentives for production and exports, lower inflation, better domestic security, and the return of exiled Indian-Ugandan entrepreneurs. Uganda has received about $2 billion in multilateral and bilateral debt relief. In 2007 Uganda received $10 million for a Millennium Challenge Account Threshold Program. The global economic downturn has hurt Uganda's exports; however, Uganda's GDP growth is still relatively strong due to past reforms and sound management of the downturn. Oil revenues and taxes will become a larger source of government funding as oil comes on line in the next few years. Rising food and fuel prices in 2011 led to protests. Instability in southern Sudan is a risk for the Ugandan economy in 2012 because Uganda's main export partner is Sudan, and Uganda is a key destination for Sudanese refugees. |
GDP (purchasing power parity):
|
$45.9 billion (2011 est.)
$43.15 billion (2010 est.)
$41 billion (2009 est.)
note: data are in 2011 US dollars |
GDP - per capita (PPP):
|
$1,300 (2011 est.)
$1,300 (2010 est.)
$1,300 (2009 est.)
note: data are in 2011 US dollars |
GDP (official exchange rate):
|
$16 billion (2011 est.) |
GDP - real growth rate:
|
6.4% (2011 est.)
5.2% (2010 est.)
7.2% (2009 est.) |
GDP - composition by sector:
|
agriculture: 21.8%
industry: 26.1%
services: 52.1% (2011 est.) |
Investment (gross fixed):
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23.9% of GDP (2011 est.) |
Population below poverty line:
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35% (2001 est.) |
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
|
lowest 10%: 2.4%
highest 10%: 36.1% (2009) |
Distribution of family income - Gini index:
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44.3 (2009)
45.7 (2002) |
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
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13.7% (2011 est.)
4% (2010 est.) |
Central bank discount rate:
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14% (31 December 2010 est.)
9.65% (31 December 2009 est.) |
Commercial bank prime lending rate:
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20.5% (31 December 2011 est.)
20.17% (31 December 2010 est.) |
Stock of money:
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$1.483 billion (31 December 2008)
$1.347 billion (31 December 2007) |
Stock of money - per capita:
|
43 USD per capita |
Stock of quasi money:
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$1.485 billion (31 December 2008)
$1.258 billion (31 December 2007) |
Stock of quasi money - per capita:
|
43 USD per capita |
Stock of domestic credit:
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$2.449 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$2.496 billion (31 December 2010 est.) |
Stock of domestic credit - per capita:
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71 USD per capita |
Stock of narrow money:
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$2.124 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$2.041 billion (31 December 2010 est.) |
Stock of broad money:
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$4.356 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$4.199 billion (31 December 2010 est.) |
Labor force:
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16.02 million (2011 est.) |
Labor force participation rate:
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46.28 % of population |
Labor force - by occupation:
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agriculture: 82%
industry: 5%
services: 13% (1999 est.) |
Unemployment rate:
|
NA% |
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24:
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void |
Budget:
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revenues: $2.393 billion
expenditures: $3.364 billion (2011 est.) |
Budget revenues per capita:
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70 USD per capita |
Taxes and other revenues:
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15% of GDP (2011 est.) |
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-):
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-6.1% of GDP (2011 est.) |
Public debt:
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25% of GDP (2011 est.)
21.8% of GDP (2010 est.) |
Industries:
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sugar, brewing, tobacco, cotton textiles; cement, steel production |
Industrial production growth rate:
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6% (2011 est.) |
Electricity - production:
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2.176 billion kWh (2008 est.) |
Electricity - production per capita:
|
63 kWh per capita |
Electricity - consumption:
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1.958 billion kWh (2008 est.) |
Electricity - consumption - per capita:
|
57 kWh per capita |
Electricity - exports:
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82.04 million kWh (2009) |
Electricity - imports:
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82.04 million kWh (2009 est.) |
Oil - production:
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0 bbl/day (2010 est.) |
Oil - production per capita:
|
void |
Oil - consumption:
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14,000 bbl/day (2010 est.) |
Oil - consumption - per capita:
|
0.15 bbl/year per capita |
Oil - exports:
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0 bbl/day (2009 est.) |
Oil - imports:
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13,770 bbl/day (2009 est.) |
Oil - proved reserves:
|
1 billion bbl (1 January 2010 est.) |
Natural gas - production:
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0 cu m (2009 est.) |
Natural gas - production per capita:
|
void |
Natural gas - consumption:
|
0 cu m (2009 est.) |
Natural gas - consumption - per capita:
|
void |
Natural gas - exports:
|
0 cu m (2009 est.) |
Natural gas - imports:
|
0 cu m (2009 est.) |
Natural gas - proved reserves:
|
14.16 billion cu m (1 January 2011 est.) |
Agriculture - products:
|
coffee, tea, cotton, tobacco, cassava (tapioca), potatoes, corn, millet, pulses, cut flowers; beef, goat meat, milk, poultry |
Current account balance:
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-$1.456 billion (2011 est.)
-$1.74 billion (2010 est.) |
Current account balance - per capita:
|
-42 USD per capita |
Exports:
|
$2.582 billion (2011 est.)
$2.164 billion (2010 est.) |
Exports per capita:
|
75 USD per capita |
Exports - commodities:
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coffee, fish and fish products, tea, cotton, flowers, horticultural products; gold |
Exports - partners:
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Sudan 15.3%, Kenya 10.2%, Rwanda 8.5%, Democratic Republic of the Congo 7.8%, UAE 7.7%, Netherlands 6.4%, Germany 5.4%, Belgium 4.1% (2010) |
Imports:
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$4.771 billion (2011 est.)
$4.264 billion (2010 est.) |
Imports per capita:
|
138 USD per capita |
Imports - commodities:
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capital equipment, vehicles, petroleum, medical supplies; cereals |
Imports - partners:
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Kenya 17.1%, UAE 14.1%, China 8.5%, India 8.2%, South Africa 6.2%, Japan 5.9%, Germany 4.3% (2010) |
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
|
$3.108 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$2.96 billion (31 December 2010 est.)
note: excludes gold |
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold - per capita:
|
90 USD per capita |
Debt - external:
|
$3.535 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$2.938 billion (31 December 2010 est.) |
Debt - external - per capita:
|
103 USD per capita |
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:
|
$NA |
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home - per capita:
|
void |
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:
|
$NA |
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad - per capita:
|
void |
Market value of publicly traded shares:
|
$NA (31 December 2010)
$116.3 million (#REF!) |
Market value of publicly traded shares - per capita:
|
void |
Currency (code):
|
Ugandan shilling (UGX) |
Exchange rates:
|
Ugandan shillings (UGX) per US dollar -
2,567.1 (2011 est.)
2,178 (2010 est.)
2,030 (2009)
1,658.1 (2008)
1,685.8 (2007) |
Fiscal year:
|
1 July - 30 June |
|
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