| People | Zambia |
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Economy - overview:
|
Zambia's economy has experienced modest growth in recent years, with real GDP growth in 2005-07 between 5-6% per year. Privatization of government-owned copper mines in the 1990s relieved the government from covering mammoth losses generated by the industry and greatly improved the chances for copper mining to return to profitability and spur economic growth. Copper output has increased steadily since 2004, due to higher copper prices and foreign investment. In 2005, Zambia qualified for debt relief under the Highly Indebted Poor Country Initiative, consisting of approximately USD 6 billion in debt relief. Zambia experienced a bumper harvest in 2007, which helped to boost GDP and agricultural exports and contain inflation. Although poverty continues to be significant problem in Zambia, its economy has strengthened, featuring single-digit inflation, a relatively stable currency, decreasing interest rates, and increasing levels of trade. |
GDP (purchasing power parity):
|
$15.93 billion (2007 est.) |
GDP (official exchange rate):
|
$10.89 billion (2007 est.) |
GDP - real growth rate:
|
6% (2007 est.) |
GDP - per capita (PPP):
|
$1,400 (2007 est.) |
GDP - composition by sector:
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agriculture: 17.6%
industry: 26%
services: 56.5% (2007 est.) |
Investment (gross fixed):
|
25.1% of GDP (2007 est.) |
Population below poverty line:
|
86% (1993) |
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
|
lowest 10%: 1.2%
highest 10%: 38.8% (2004) |
Distribution of family income - Gini index:
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50.8 (2004) |
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
|
8.9% (2007 est.) |
Labor force:
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4.989 million (2007 est.) |
Labor force participation rate:
|
42.75 % of population |
Labor force - by occupation:
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agriculture: 85%
industry: 6%
services: 9% (2004) |
Unemployment rate:
|
50% (2000 est.) |
Budget:
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revenues: $2.508 billion
expenditures: $2.838 billion (2007 est.) |
Budget revenues per capita:
|
215 USD per capita |
Public debt:
|
31.9% of GDP (2007 est.) |
Industries:
|
copper mining and processing, construction, foodstuffs, beverages, chemicals, textiles, fertilizer, horticulture |
Industrial production growth rate:
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6.2% (2007 est.) |
Electricity - production:
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8.85 billion kWh (2005) |
Electricity - production per capita:
|
759 kWh per capita |
Electricity - consumption:
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8.655 billion kWh (2005) |
Electricity - consumption - per capita:
|
742 kWh per capita |
Electricity - exports:
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243 million kWh (2005) |
Electricity - imports:
|
465 million kWh (2005) |
Oil - production:
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150 bbl/day (2005 est.) |
Oil - production per capita:
|
13 bbl/day per capita |
Oil - consumption:
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14,000 bbl/day (2005 est.) |
Oil - consumption - per capita:
|
0.44 bbl/year per capita |
Oil - exports:
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169 bbl/day (2004) |
Oil - imports:
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13,370 bbl/day (2004) |
Oil - proved reserves:
|
NA |
Natural gas - production:
|
0 cu m (2005 est.) |
Natural gas - production per capita:
|
void |
Natural gas - consumption:
|
0 cu m (2005 est.) |
Natural gas - consumption - per capita:
|
void |
Natural gas - exports:
|
0 cu m (2005 est.) |
Natural gas - imports:
|
0 cu m (2005) |
Natural gas - proved reserves:
|
0 cu m (1 January 2006 est.) |
Agriculture - products:
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corn, sorghum, rice, peanuts, sunflower seed, vegetables, flowers, tobacco, cotton, sugarcane, cassava (tapioca), coffee; cattle, goats, pigs, poultry, milk, eggs, hides |
Current account balance:
|
-$856 million (2007 est.) |
Current account balance - per capita:
|
-73 USD per capita |
Exports:
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$4.017 billion f.o.b. (2007 est.) |
Exports per capita:
|
345 USD per capita |
Exports - commodities:
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copper/cobalt 64%, cobalt, electricity; tobacco, flowers, cotton |
Exports - partners:
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Switzerland 38.4%, South Africa 21.6%, China 10.3%, UK 7.6%, Tanzania 6.4% (2006) |
Imports:
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$2.993 billion f.o.b. (2007 est.) |
Imports per capita:
|
257 USD per capita |
Imports - commodities:
|
machinery, transportation equipment, petroleum products, electricity, fertilizer; foodstuffs, clothing |
Imports - partners:
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South Africa 47.3%, UAE 10.4%, Zimbabwe 5.7%, Norway 4% (2006) |
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
|
$1.1 billion (31 December 2007 est.) |
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold - per capita:
|
95 USD per capita |
Debt - external:
|
$2.798 billion (31 December 2007 est.) |
Debt - external - per capita:
|
240 USD per capita |
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:
|
$NA |
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:
|
$NA |
Market value of publicly traded shares:
|
$4.5 billion (2007) |
Economic aid - donor:
|
void |
Economic aid - recipient:
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$504 million (2007) |
Economic aid - recipient per capita:
|
44 USD per capita |
Currency (code):
|
Zambian kwacha (ZMK) |
Exchange rates:
|
Zambian kwacha per US dollar - 3,990.2 (2007), 3,601.5 (2006), 4,463.5 (2005), 4,778.9 (2004), 4,733.3 (2003) |
Fiscal year:
|
calendar year |
|
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