| Geography | Zimbabwe |
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Location:
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Southern Africa, between South Africa and Zambia |
Geographic coordinates:
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20 00 S, 30 00 E |
Map references:
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Africa |
Area:
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total: 390,757 sq km
land: 386,847 sq km
water: 3,910 sq km |
Area - comparative:
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slightly larger than Montana |
Land boundaries:
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total: 3,066 km
border countries: Botswana 813 km, Mozambique 1,231 km, South Africa 225 km, Zambia 797 km |
Coastline:
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0 km (landlocked) |
Maritime claims:
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none (landlocked) |
Climate:
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tropical; moderated by altitude; rainy season (November to March) |
Terrain:
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mostly high plateau with higher central plateau (high veld); mountains in east |
Elevation extremes:
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lowest point: junction of the Runde and Save rivers 162 m
highest point: Inyangani 2,592 m |
Natural resources:
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coal, chromium ore, asbestos, gold, nickel, copper, iron ore, vanadium, lithium, tin, platinum group metals |
Land use:
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arable land: 8.24%
permanent crops: 0.33%
other: 91.43% (2005) |
Irrigated land:
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1,740 sq km (2008) |
Total renewable water resources:
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20 cu km (1987) |
Total renewable water resources - per capita:
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1,656 cubic meters per capita |
Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):
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total: 4.21 cu km/yr (14%/7%/79%)
per capita: 324 cu m/yr (2002) |
Natural hazards:
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recurring droughts; floods and severe storms are rare |
Environment - current issues:
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deforestation; soil erosion; land degradation; air and water pollution; the black rhinoceros herd - once the largest concentration of the species in the world - has been significantly reduced by poaching; poor mining practices have led to toxic waste and heavy metal pollution |
Environment - international agreements:
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party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
Geography - note:
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landlocked; the Zambezi forms a natural riverine boundary with Zambia; in full flood (February-April) the massive Victoria Falls on the river forms the world's largest curtain of falling water; Lake Kariba on the Zambia-Zimbabwe border forms the world's largest reservoir by volume (180 cu km; 43 cu mi) |
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