word | | Independence |
Portugal
 map | Timor-Leste | 28 November 1975 (independence proclaimed from Portugal); note - 20 May 2002 is the official date of international recognition of Timor-Leste's independence from Indonesia |
| Portuguese | Oman | 1650 (expulsion of the Portuguese) |
| powers | Germany | ... US, and French zones; German Democratic Republic (GDR or East Germany) proclaimed 7 October 1949 and included the former USSR zone; unification of West Germany and East Germany took place 3 October |
| present-day | Spain | ... north began the reconquest almost immediately, culminating in the seizure of Granada in 1492; this event completed the unification of several kingdoms and is traditionally considered the forging of present-day Spain |
| principality | Bulgaria | 3 March 1878 (as an autonomous principality within the Ottoman Empire); 22 September 1908 (complete independence from the Ottoman Empire) |
| Principality | Liechtenstein | 23 January 1719 (Principality of Liechtenstein established); 12 July 1806 (independence from the Holy Roman Empire) |
| prior | Spain | the Iberian peninsula was characterized by a variety of independent kingdoms prior to the Muslim occupation that began in the early 8th century A.D. and lasted nearly seven centuries; the small Christian ... |
| Prithvi | Nepal | 1768 (unified by Prithvi Narayan Shah) |
| proclaimed | Austria | 976 (Margravate of Austria established); 17 September 1156 (Duchy of Austria founded); 11 August 1804 (Austrian Empire proclaimed); 12 November 1918 (republic proclaimed) |
| proclaimed | Cyprus | 16 August 1960 (from UK); note - Turkish Cypriots proclaimed self-rule on 13 February 1975 and independence in 1983, but these proclamations are only recognized by Turkey |
| proclaimed | Germany | ... US, USSR, and later, France) in 1945 following World War II; Federal Republic of Germany (FRG or West Germany) proclaimed 23 May 1949 and included the former UK, US, and French zones ... |
| proclaimed | Iran | 1 April 1979 (Islamic Republic of Iran proclaimed) |
| proclaimed | Italy | 17 March 1861 (Kingdom of Italy proclaimed; Italy was not finally unified until 1870) |
| proclaimed | Philippines | 12 June 1898 (independence proclaimed from Spain); 4 July 1946 (from the US) |
| proclaimed | Poland | 11 November 1918 (republic proclaimed) |
| proclaimed | Portugal | 1143 (Kingdom of Portugal recognized); 5 October 1910 (republic proclaimed) |
| proclaimed | Romania | 9 May 1877 (independence proclaimed from the Ottoman Empire; independence recognized 13 July 1878 by the Treaty of Berlin); 26 March 1881 (kingdom proclaimed); 30 December 1947 (republic proclaimed) |
| proclaimed | Timor-Leste | 28 November 1975 (independence proclaimed from Portugal); note - 20 May 2002 is the official date of international recognition of Timor-Leste's independence from Indonesia |
| proclamations | Cyprus | 16 August 1960 (from UK); note - Turkish Cypriots proclaimed self-rule on 13 February 1975 and independence in 1983, but these proclamations are only recognized by Turkey |
| protectorate | Tonga | 4 June 1970 (from UK protectorate) |
| provinces | Netherlands | 23 January 1579 (the northern provinces of the Low Countries conclude the Union of Utrecht breaking with Spain; on 26 July 1581 they formally declared their independence with an Act of Abjuration ... |
| provisional | Belgium | 4 October 1830 (a provisional government declared independence from the Netherlands); 21 July 1831 (King Leopold I ascended to the throne) |
| Provisional | Iraq | 3 October 1932 (from League of Nations mandate under British administration); note - on 28 June 2004 the Coalition Provisional Authority transferred sovereignty to the Iraqi-controlled Government |
| Qin | China | 221 BC (unification under the Qin or Ch'in Dynasty); 1 January 1912 (Manchu Dynasty replaced by a Republic); 1 October 1949 (People's Republic established) |
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