| Country | Independence |
| El Salvador | 15 September 1821 (from Spain) |
| Equatorial Guinea | 12 October 1968 (from Spain) |
| Eritrea | 24 May 1993 (from Ethiopia) |
| Estonia | 20 August 1991 (declared); 6 September 1991 (recognized by the Soviet Union) |
| Ethiopia | oldest independent country in Africa and one of the oldest in the world - at least 2,000 years (may be traced to the Aksumite Kingdom, which coalesced in the first century B.C.) |
| European Union | 7 February 1992 (Maastricht Treaty signed establishing the EU); 1 November 1993 (Maastricht Treaty entered into force)
note: Treaties of Rome, which were signed on 25 March 1957 and entered into force on 1 January 1958, created the European Economic Community and the European Atomic Energy Community; the Treaty of Lisbon, which was signed on 13 December 2007 and entered into force on 1 December 2009, replaced and succeeded the European Community with the European Union |
| Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) | none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina) |
| Faroe Islands | none (part of the Kingdom of Denmark; self-governing overseas administrative division of Denmark) |
| Fiji | 10 October 1970 (from the UK) |
| Finland | 6 December 1917 (from Russia) |
| France | no official date of independence: 486 (Frankish tribes unified under Merovingian kingship); 10 August 843 (Western Francia established from the division of the Carolingian Empire); 14 July 1789 (French monarchy overthrown); 22 September 1792 (First French Republic founded); 4 October 1958 (Fifth French Republic established) |
| French Polynesia | none (overseas lands of France) |
| French Southern and Antarctic Lands | void |
| Gabon | 17 August 1960 (from France) |
| Gambia, The | 18 February 1965 (from the UK) |
| Gaza Strip | void |
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