| Country | Military branches |
| Kuwait | Kuwaiti Land Forces (KLF), Kuwaiti Navy, Kuwaiti Air Force (Al-Quwwat al-Jawwiya al-Kuwaitiya), Kuwaiti National Guard (KNG) (2011) |
| Kyrgyzstan | Ground Forces, Air Force (includes Air Defense Forces), National Guard (2010) |
| Laos | Lao People's Armed Forces (LPAF): Lao People's Army (LPA; includes Riverine Force), Air Force (2011) |
| Latvia | National Armed Forces (Nacionalo Brunoto Speku): Land Forces, Navy (Latvijas Juras Speki; includes Coast Guard (Latvijas Kara Flotes)), Latvian Air Force (Latvijas Gaisa Speki), Latvian Home Guard (Latvijas Zemessardze) (2011) |
| Lebanon | Lebanese Armed Forces (LAF): Army ((Al Jaysh al Lubnaniya) includes Navy (Al Quwwat al Bahiriyya al Lubnaniya), Air Force (Al Quwwat al Jawwiya al Lubnaniya)) (2010) |
| Lesotho | Lesotho Defense Force (LDF): Army (includes Air Wing) (2010) |
| Liberia | Armed Forces of Liberia (AFL): Army, Navy, Air Force |
| Libya | note - in transition; government attempting to staff a new national army with anti-QADAFI militia fighters and former members of QADAFI's military |
| Liechtenstein | no regular military forces (constitutionally prohibited); Principality of Liechtenstein National Police (Landespolizei, LP) (2010) |
| Lithuania | Lithuanian Armed Forces (Lietuvos Ginkluotosios Pajegos): Ground Forces (Sausumos Pajegos), Naval Forces (Karines Juru Pajegos), Air Forces (Karines Oro Pajegos), National Defense Volunteer Forces (Krasto Apsaugos Savanoriu Pajegos) (2011) |
| Luxembourg | Army (2010) |
| Macau | no regular military forces |
| Macedonia | Army of the Republic of Macedonia (ARM): Joint Operational Command, with subordinate Air Wing (Makedonsko Voeno Vozduhoplovstvo, MVV); Special Operations Regiment; Logistic Support Command; Training Command (2010) |
| Madagascar | People's Armed Forces: Intervention Force, Development Force, and Aeronaval Force (navy and air); National Gendarmerie |
| Malawi | Malawi Defense Forces (MDF): Army (includes Air Wing, Marine Unit) (2011) |
| Malaysia | Malaysian Armed Forces (Angkatan Tentera Malaysia, ATM): Malaysian Army (Tentera Darat Malaysia), Royal Malaysian Navy (Tentera Laut Diraja Malaysia, TLDM), Royal Malaysian Air Force (Tentera Udara Diraja Malaysia, TUDM) (2010) |