word | | Climate |
| southwest | Kyrgyzstan | dry continental to polar in high Tien Shan; subtropical in southwest (Fergana Valley); temperate in northern foothill zone |
| southwest | Malaysia | tropical; annual southwest (April to October) and northeast (October to February) monsoons |
| southwest | Maldives | tropical; hot, humid; dry, northeast monsoon (November to March); rainy, southwest monsoon (June to August) |
| southwest | Oman | dry desert; hot, humid along coast; hot, dry interior; strong southwest summer monsoon (May to September) in far south |
| southwest | Philippines | tropical marine; northeast monsoon (November to April); southwest monsoon (May to October) |
| southwest | Somalia | principally desert; northeast monsoon (December to February), moderate temperatures in north and hot in south; southwest monsoon (May to October), torrid in the north and hot in the south, irregular rainfall, hot ... |
| southwest | Sri Lanka | tropical monsoon; northeast monsoon (December to March); southwest monsoon (June to October) |
| southwest | Taiwan | tropical; marine; rainy season during southwest monsoon (June to August); cloudiness is persistent and extensive all year |
| southwest | Thailand | tropical; rainy, warm, cloudy southwest monsoon (mid-May to September); dry, cool northeast monsoon (November to mid-March); southern isthmus always hot and humid |
| southwest | United Kingdom | temperate; moderated by prevailing southwest winds over the North Atlantic Current; more than one-half of the days are overcast |
| southwest | United States | ... the great plains west of the Mississippi River, and arid in the Great Basin of the southwest; low winter temperatures in the northwest are ameliorated occasionally in January and February by warm ... |
| southwesterly | Guinea | generally hot and humid; monsoonal-type rainy season (June to November) with southwesterly winds; dry season (December to May) with northeasterly harmattan winds |
| southwesterly | Guinea-Bissau | tropical; generally hot and humid; monsoonal-type rainy season (June to November) with southwesterly winds; dry season (December to May) with northeasterly harmattan winds |
| Southwestern | Singapore | tropical; hot, humid, rainy; two distinct monsoon seasons - Northeastern monsoon (December to March) and Southwestern monsoon (June to September); inter-monsoon - frequent afternoon and early evening thunderstorms |
| sparse | Namibia | desert; hot, dry; rainfall sparse and erratic |
| Spitsbergen | Svalbard | arctic, tempered by warm North Atlantic Current; cool summers, cold winters; North Atlantic Current flows along west and north coasts of Spitsbergen, keeping water open and navigable most of the year |
| spring | Hong Kong | subtropical monsoon; cool and humid in winter, hot and rainy from spring through summer, warm and sunny in fall |
| spring | Iraq | ... hot, cloudless summers; northern mountainous regions along Iranian and Turkish borders experience cold winters with occasionally heavy snows that melt in early spring, sometimes causing extensive flooding in central and southern Iraq |
| spring | Saint Pierre and Miquelon | cold and wet, with much mist and fog; spring and autumn are windy |
| stable | Arctic Ocean | ... by persistent cold and relatively narrow annual temperature ranges; winters characterized by continuous darkness, cold and stable weather conditions, and clear skies; summers characterized by continuous daylight, damp and foggy weather, and ... |
| Stanley | Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) | ... humid; rain occurs on more than half of days in year; average annual rainfall is 24 inches in Stanley; occasional snow all year, except in January and February, but does not accumulate |
| steppe | Azerbaijan | dry, semiarid steppe |
| steppes | Russia | ranges from steppes in the south through humid continental in much of European Russia; subarctic in Siberia to tundra climate in the polar north; winters vary from cool along Black Sea coast ... |
| storms | Jan Mayen | arctic maritime with frequent storms and persistent fog |
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