| Country | Geography - note |
| Svalbard | northernmost part of the Kingdom of Norway; consists of nine main islands; glaciers and snowfields cover 60% of the total area; Spitsbergen Island is the site of the Svalbard Global Seed Vault, a seed repository established by the Global Crop Diversity Trust and the Norwegian Government |
| Swaziland | landlocked; almost completely surrounded by South Africa |
| Sweden | strategic location along Danish Straits linking Baltic and North Seas |
| Switzerland | landlocked; crossroads of northern and southern Europe; along with southeastern France, northern Italy, and southwestern Austria, has the highest elevations in the Alps |
| Syria | there are 42 Israeli settlements and civilian land use sites in the Israeli-occupied Golan Heights (August 2005 est.) |
| Taiwan | strategic location adjacent to both the Taiwan Strait and the Luzon Strait |
| Tajikistan | landlocked; mountainous region dominated by the Trans-Alay Range in the north and the Pamirs in the southeast; highest point, Qullai Ismoili Somoni (formerly Communism Peak), was the tallest mountain in the former USSR |
| Tanzania | Kilimanjaro is highest point in Africa; bordered by three of the largest lakes on the continent: Lake Victoria (the world's second-largest freshwater lake) in the north, Lake Tanganyika (the world's second deepest) in the west, and Lake Nyasa in the southwest |
| Thailand | controls only land route from Asia to Malaysia and Singapore |
| Timor-Leste | Timor comes from the Malay word for "East"; the island of Timor is part of the Malay Archipelago and is the largest and easternmost of the Lesser Sunda Islands |
| Togo | the country's length allows it to stretch through six distinct geographic regions; climate varies from tropical to savanna |
| Tokelau | consists of three atolls (Atafu, Fakaofo, Nukunonu), each with a lagoon surrounded by a number of reef-bound islets of varying length and rising to over 3 m above sea level |
| Tonga | archipelago of 169 islands (36 inhabited) |
| Trinidad and Tobago | Pitch Lake, on Trinidad's southwestern coast, is the world's largest natural reservoir of asphalt |
| Tunisia | strategic location in central Mediterranean; Malta and Tunisia are discussing the commercial exploitation of the continental shelf between their countries, particularly for oil exploration |
| Turkey | strategic location controlling the Turkish Straits (Bosporus, Sea of Marmara, Dardanelles) that link Black and Aegean Seas; Mount Ararat, the legendary landing place of Noah's Ark, is in the far eastern portion of the country |
| Turkmenistan | landlocked; the western and central low-lying desolate portions of the country make up the great Garagum (Kara-Kum) desert, which occupies over 80% of the country; eastern part is plateau |
| Turks and Caicos Islands | about 40 islands (eight inhabited) |
| Tuvalu | one of the smallest and most remote countries on Earth; six of the nine coral atolls - Nanumea, Nui, Vaitupu, Nukufetau, Funafuti, and Nukulaelae - have lagoons open to the ocean; Nanumaya and Niutao have landlocked lagoons; Niulakita does not have a lagoon |
| Uganda | landlocked; fertile, well-watered country with many lakes and rivers |
| Ukraine | strategic position at the crossroads between Europe and Asia; second-largest country in Europe |
| United Arab Emirates | strategic location along southern approaches to Strait of Hormuz, a vital transit point for world crude oil |
| United Kingdom | lies near vital North Atlantic sea lanes; only 35 km from France and linked by tunnel under the English Channel; because of heavily indented coastline, no location is more than 125 km from tidal waters |
| United States | world's third-largest country by size (after Russia and Canada) and by population (after China and India); Mt. McKinley is highest point in North America and Death Valley the lowest point on the continent |
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