| Country | Geography - note |
| Ghana | Lake Volta is the world's largest artificial lake |
| Gibraltar | strategic location on Strait of Gibraltar that links the North Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea |
| Glorioso Islands | void |
| Greece | strategic location dominating the Aegean Sea and southern approach to Turkish Straits; a peninsular country, possessing an archipelago of about 2,000 islands |
| Greenland | dominates North Atlantic Ocean between North America and Europe; sparse population confined to small settlements along coast; close to one-quarter of the population lives in the capital, Nuuk; world's second largest ice cap |
| Grenada | the administration of the islands of the Grenadines group is divided between Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and Grenada |
| Guadeloupe | void |
| Guam | largest and southernmost island in the Mariana Islands archipelago; strategic location in western North Pacific Ocean |
| Guatemala | no natural harbors on west coast |
| Guernsey | large, deepwater harbor at Saint Peter Port |
| Guinea | the Niger and its important tributary the Milo have their sources in the Guinean highlands |
| Guinea-Bissau | this small country is swampy along its western coast and low-lying inland |
| Guyana | the third-smallest country in South America after Suriname and Uruguay; substantial portions of its western and eastern territories are claimed by Venezuela and Suriname respectively |
| Haiti | shares island of Hispaniola with Dominican Republic (western one-third is Haiti, eastern two-thirds is the Dominican Republic) |
| Heard Island and McDonald Islands | Mawson Peak on Heard Island is the highest Australian mountain (at 2,745 meters, it is taller than Mt. Kosciuszko in Australia proper), and one of only two active volcanoes located in Australian territory, the other being McDonald Island; in 1992, McDonald Island broke its dormancy and began erupting; it has erupted several times since, the most recent being in 2005 |
| Holy See (Vatican City) | landlocked; enclave in Rome, Italy; world's smallest state; beyond the territorial boundary of Vatican City, the Lateran Treaty of 1929 grants the Holy See extraterritorial authority over 23 sites in Rome and five outside of Rome, including the Pontifical Palace at Castel Gandolfo (the Pope's summer residence) |
| Honduras | has only a short Pacific coast but a long Caribbean shoreline, including the virtually uninhabited eastern Mosquito Coast |
| Hong Kong | more than 200 islands |
| Howland Island | void |
| Hungary | landlocked; strategic location astride main land routes between Western Europe and Balkan Peninsula as well as between Ukraine and Mediterranean basin; the north-south flowing Duna (Danube) and Tisza Rivers divide the country into three large regions |
| Iceland | strategic location between Greenland and Europe; westernmost European country; Reykjavik is the northernmost national capital in the world; more land covered by glaciers than in all of continental Europe |
| Iles Eparses | void |
| India | dominates South Asian subcontinent; near important Indian Ocean trade routes; Kanchenjunga, third tallest mountain in the world, lies on the border with Nepal |
| Indian Ocean | major chokepoints include Bab el Mandeb, Strait of Hormuz, Strait of Malacca, southern access to the Suez Canal, and the Lombok Strait |
| Indonesia | archipelago of 17,508 islands (6,000 inhabited); straddles equator; strategic location astride or along major sea lanes from Indian Ocean to Pacific Ocean |
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