| Country | Natural hazards |
| Philippines | astride typhoon belt, usually affected by 15 and struck by five to six cyclonic storms per year; landslides; active volcanoes; destructive earthquakes; tsunamis |
| Pitcairn Islands | typhoons (especially November to March) |
| Poland | flooding |
| Portugal | Azores subject to severe earthquakes |
| Puerto Rico | periodic droughts; hurricanes |
| Qatar | haze, dust storms, sandstorms common |
| Reunion | void |
| Romania | earthquakes, most severe in south and southwest; geologic structure and climate promote landslides |
| Russia | permafrost over much of Siberia is a major impediment to development; volcanic activity in the Kuril Islands; volcanoes and earthquakes on the Kamchatka Peninsula; spring floods and summer/autumn forest fires throughout Siberia and parts of European Russia |
| Rwanda | periodic droughts; the volcanic Virunga mountains are in the northwest along the border with Democratic Republic of the Congo |
| Saint Barthelemy | void |
| Saint Helena | active volcanism on Tristan da Cunha, last eruption in 1961 |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | hurricanes (July to October) |
| Saint Lucia | hurricanes and volcanic activity |
| Saint Martin | void |
| Saint Pierre and Miquelon | persistent fog throughout the year can be a maritime hazard |
| Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | hurricanes; Soufriere volcano on the island of Saint Vincent is a constant threat |
| Samoa | occasional typhoons; active volcanism |
| San Marino | NA |
| Sao Tome and Principe | NA |
| Saudi Arabia | frequent sand and dust storms |
| Senegal | lowlands seasonally flooded; periodic droughts |
| Serbia | destructive earthquakes |
| Serbia and Montenegro | void |
| Seychelles | lies outside the cyclone belt, so severe storms are rare; short droughts possible |
| Sierra Leone | dry, sand-laden harmattan winds blow from the Sahara (December to February); sandstorms, dust storms |
| Singapore | NA |
| Slovakia | NA |
| Slovenia | flooding and earthquakes |
| Solomon Islands | typhoons, but rarely destructive; geologically active region with frequent earthquakes, tremors, and volcanic activity; tsunamis |
| Somalia | recurring droughts; frequent dust storms over eastern plains in summer; floods during rainy season |
| South Africa | prolonged droughts |
| South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands | the South Sandwich Islands have prevailing weather conditions that generally make them difficult to approach by ship; they are also subject to active volcanism |
| Southern Ocean | huge icebergs with drafts up to several hundred meters; smaller bergs and iceberg fragments; sea ice (generally 0.5 to 1 m thick) with sometimes dynamic short-term variations and with large annual and interannual variations; deep continental shelf floored by glacial deposits varying widely over short distances; high winds and large waves much of the year; ship icing, especially May-October; most of region is remote from sources of search and rescue |
| Spain | periodic droughts |
| Spratly Islands | typhoons; numerous reefs and shoals pose a serious maritime hazard |
| Sri Lanka | occasional cyclones and tornadoes |
| Sudan | dust storms and periodic persistent droughts |
| Suriname | NA |
| Svalbard | ice floes often block the entrance to Bellsund (a transit point for coal export) on the west coast and occasionally make parts of the northeastern coast inaccessible to maritime traffic |
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