| Rank | Country | standard gauge | Railways |
| Papua New Guinea | | void |
| Paracel Islands | | void |
| Philippines | | total: 897 km
narrow gauge: 897 km 1.067-m gauge (492 km are in operation) (2006) |
| Pitcairn Islands | | void |
| Portugal | | total: 2,786 km
broad gauge: 2,603 km 1.668-m gauge (1,351 km electrified)
narrow gauge: 183 km 1.000-m gauge (2006) |
| Puerto Rico | | total: 96 km
narrow gauge: 96 km 1.000-m gauge (2006) |
| Qatar | | void |
| Russia | | total: 87,157 km
broad gauge: 86,200 km 1.520-m gauge (40,300 km electrified)
narrow gauge: 957 km 1.067-m gauge (on Sakhalin Island)
note: an additional 30,000 km of non-common carrier lines serve industries (2006) |
| Rwanda | | void |
| Saint Barthelemy | | void |
| Saint Helena | | void |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | | total: 50 km
narrow gauge: 50 km 0.762-m gauge on Saint Kitts for tourists (2006) |
| Saint Lucia | | void |
| Saint Martin | | void |
| Saint Pierre and Miquelon | | void |
| Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | | void |
| Samoa | | void |
| San Marino | | void |
| Sao Tome and Principe | | void |
| Senegal | | total: 906 km
narrow gauge: 906 km 1.000 meter gauge (2006) |
| Seychelles | | void |
| Sierra Leone | | void |
| Singapore | | void |
| Solomon Islands | | void |
| Somalia | | void |
| South Africa | | total: 20,872 km
narrow gauge: 20,436 km 1.065-m gauge (8,931 km electrified); 436 km 0.610-m gauge (2006) |
| South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands | | void |
| Southern Ocean | | void |
| Spratly Islands | | void |
| Sri Lanka | | total: 1,449 km
broad gauge: 1,449 km 1.676-m gauge (2006) |
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